Local Self-Government Code

Organic Law of Georgia

Local Self-Government Code

Article 1. Scope of the LawThis Law determines the legal grounds for the exercise of local self-government, the powers of local self-government bodies, the rules for their creation and activity, their finances and property, relations with citizens, state government bodies and legal entities of public and private law, as well as the rules for state supervision over the activity of local self-government bodies and the exercise of direct state administration.🔗

Article 2. Concept of Local Self-Government1. Local self-government is the right and opportunity of citizens of Georgia, through local self-government bodies, within the framework of the legislation of Georgia, in accordance with the interests of the local population, to decide issues of local importance.🔗

2. A self-governing unit is a municipality. A municipality is a settlement (self-governing city) that has administrative boundaries, or a union of settlements (self-governing community) that has administrative boundaries and an administrative center. A municipality has elected representative and executive bodies (hereinafter – municipal bodies), registered population and has its own property, budget, revenues. A municipality is a legal entity of public law.

Organic Law of Georgia of 22 July 2015 No. 4087 – website, 04.08.2015.

Organic Law of Georgia of 18 September 2019 No. 4965 – website, 01.10.2019.

Article 3. Municipalities − self-governing city and self-governing community1. Local self-government shall be exercised in municipalities − self-governing city and self-governing community.🔗

2. A self-governing city is a settlement of the category of city to which, in accordance with this Law, the status of municipality has been conferred or shall be conferred.

3. A self-governing community is a union of several settlements to which, in accordance with this Law, the status of municipality has been conferred or shall be conferred.

Article 4. Primary territorial unit of population settlement and administrative unit of a municipality1. The primary territorial unit of population settlement is a settlement which has a name, administrative boundaries, a territory and has a registered population. The categories of settlements are:🔗

a) village – a settlement within whose boundaries land of agricultural designation and other natural resources are mainly contained and whose infrastructure is essentially oriented towards the carrying out of agricultural activity;

b) small town – a settlement on whose territory industrial enterprises and/or tourist and resort institutions and/or medical and socio-cultural institutions are located and which performs the functions of a local economic-cultural centre. The infrastructure of a small town is essentially not oriented towards the carrying out of agricultural activity. A settlement may be assigned to the category of a small town if it is an administrative centre of a municipality or it has prospects for further economic development and population growth;

c) city − a settlement on whose territory industrial enterprises and a network of tourist, medical and socio-cultural institutions are located and which performs the functions of a local economic-cultural centre. The infrastructure of a city is not oriented towards the carrying out of agricultural activity. A settlement with a registered population of more than 5,000 may be assigned to the category of a city. A settlement with a registered population of less than 5,000 may be granted the category of a city if it is an administrative centre of a municipality or it has prospects for further economic development and population growth, or it is defined as a self-governing city in accordance with paragraph 2 of Article 3 of this Law.

2. The rules for the creation and abolition of a settlement, the granting and change of the corresponding category for a settlement, as well as the change of the administrative boundaries of a settlement shall be determined by the Government of Georgia.

3. For the optimisation of governance, a municipality may be divided into administrative units. In a self-governing community, the territory of an administrative unit coincides with the territory of one or several settlements. In a self-governing city, an administrative unit is part of a settlement.

4. Decisions on the creation and abolition of an administrative unit of a municipality, as well as on the change of the boundaries of an administrative unit of a self-governing city, shall be adopted by the municipal council by resolution, by a majority of its full composition, upon the submission of the mayor of the municipality or of not less than one third of the members of the municipal council.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 6853 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.07.2020.

Article 5. Legal grounds and reservations for the exercise of local self-government1. The legal grounds for the exercise of local self-government are the Constitution of Georgia, the "European Charter of Local Self-Government", international treaties and agreements of Georgia, this Law, and other legislative and subordinate normative acts of Georgia.🔗

2. In the Autonomous Republic of Ajara, the powers of municipal bodies shall be determined taking into account the norms of the Constitutional Law of Georgia "On the Autonomous Republic of Ajara", the Organic Law of Georgia "On Approval of the Constitution of the Autonomous Republic of Ajara" and this Law.

3. Issues of the exercise of local self-government in the occupied territories of Georgia shall be determined after the restoration of the jurisdiction of Georgia over the respective territory.

4. The powers of municipal bodies shall not extend to free industrial zones.

Organic Law of Georgia of 15 July 2020 No. 6853 – website, 28.07.2020.

Article 6. Right of citizens of Georgia to exercise local self-government1. Citizens of Georgia shall exercise local self-government in accordance with the Constitution of Georgia, the "European Charter of Local Self-Government", international treaties and agreements of Georgia, this Law and other normative acts of Georgia.🔗

2. Citizens of Georgia shall have the right, in accordance with the procedure established by this Law and the electoral legislation, to elect municipal bodies and to be elected to these bodies, irrespective of race, skin colour, sex, origin, ethnic affiliation, language, religion, political or other views, social affiliation, property or class status, place of residence or other characteristic.

Organic Law of Georgia of 15 July 2020 No. 6853 – website, 28.07.2020.

Article 7. Guarantees for the Exercise of Municipal Powers1. The relations between the bodies of the state and of a municipality shall be based on the principle of mutual cooperation.🔗

11. The separation of the powers of the state authorities and of municipalities shall be based on the principle of subsidiarity.

2. In order to ensure the exercise of municipal powers, the state authorities shall be obliged to create the appropriate legal, financial-economic and organisational conditions.

3. The state authorities shall be obliged, before taking a decision on the matters relating to the powers of a municipality established by this Law, to hold preliminary consultations with those non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entities that unite more than half of the municipalities of the country.

4. A municipality shall be entitled to apply to a court to challenge those administrative-legal acts and actions which restrict the exercise of the powers of local self-government defined by the legislation of Georgia.

5. The municipal council shall be entitled, in accordance with the legislation of Georgia, to apply by a claim to the Constitutional Court of Georgia for the consideration of the question of the constitutionality of normative acts in relation to Chapter Nine of the Constitution of Georgia. The decision on filing a claim with the Constitutional Court of Georgia shall be taken by the municipal council by a majority of its full composition.

6. Unless the municipal council has taken another decision, the municipality shall be represented before the common courts of Georgia and the Constitutional Court of Georgia by the mayor of the municipality or a person authorised by him.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4965 of 18 September 2019 – website, 01.10.2019.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 6853 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.07.2020.

Article 8. Symbols of a Municipality1. A municipality shall have a coat of arms and a flag. It may also have other symbols.🔗

2. The coat of arms, flag and other symbols of a municipality, the forms of their depiction and their descriptions shall be established by the municipal council on the basis of preliminary consultations with, and with the consent of, the Legal Entity of Public Law − the State Symbolism and Heraldry Department of Georgia. The state registration of municipal symbols in the manner established by the legislation of Georgia shall be mandatory.

3. The rules for the use of municipal symbols shall be determined by a normative act of the Government of Georgia.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 270 of 6 February 2025 – website, 06.02.2025.

Article 9. Working and Procedural Language of Municipal Bodies The working and procedural language of municipal bodies shall be the state language of Georgia.Chapter IIAdministrative-Territorial Organisation of Local Self-Government🔗

Article 10. Creation and Abolition of a Municipality. Determination and Change of the Administrative Centre of a Municipality 1. The grounds for the creation/abolition of a municipality are:🔗

a) division of a municipality into two or more municipalities;

b) merger of two or more adjacent municipalities into one municipality.

2. The Government of Georgia is entitled, in accordance with the procedure established by this Law, on its own initiative, on the basis of consultation with the council(s) of the municipality (municipalities) and the population of the respective municipality (municipalities), or on the basis of a petition of the council(s) of the municipality (municipalities) and consultation with the population of the respective municipality (municipalities), to apply to the Parliament of Georgia with a submission on the creation or abolition of a municipality.

3. In the case of the creation of a new municipality (municipalities) by division of a municipality/merger of municipalities, the petition of the council(s) of the municipality (municipalities) shall be submitted to the respective government commission. The petition shall be accompanied by:

a) justification of the need for the division of the municipality/merger of municipalities;

b) the list of settlements included in the municipality (municipalities) to be created by the division of the municipality/merger of municipalities and the number of inhabitants;

c) the administrative boundaries and schematic map of the municipality (municipalities) to be created by the division of the municipality/merger of municipalities;

d) the name(s) of the municipality (municipalities) to be created by the division of the municipality/merger of municipalities;

e) the administrative centre(s) of the self-governing community (communities) to be created by the division of the municipality/merger of municipalities;

f) documents reflecting the consultation held with the population of the municipality (municipalities);

g) the written opinion of the municipal council drawn up in accordance with paragraph 4 of Article 12 of this Law.

4. The councils of municipalities are entitled to apply to the respective government commission with a joint petition. The joint petition shall be accompanied by the documentation provided for by paragraph 3 of this Article. The text of the joint petition and the attached documentation shall be approved by the councils of the said municipalities. The joint petition shall be signed by the chairpersons of the councils of these municipalities.

5. If a petition on the merger of municipalities was submitted by a municipal council, the respective government commission shall be obliged to hold consultations with the councils and the population of those municipalities that may be merged.

6. In the case of the creation of a new municipality (municipalities) by division of a municipality/merger of municipalities, the submission of the Government of Georgia shall be accompanied by:

a) justification of the need for the division of the municipality/merger of municipalities;

b) the list of settlements included in the municipality (municipalities) to be created by dividing a municipality/merging municipalities, and the number of the population;

c) the administrative boundaries and a schematic map of the municipality (municipalities) to be created by dividing a municipality/merging municipalities;

d) the name (names) of the municipality (municipalities) to be created by dividing a municipality/merging municipalities;

e) the administrative centre (centres) of the self-governing community (self-governing communities) to be created by dividing a municipality/merging municipalities;

f) the written opinion of the Sakrebulo of the municipality drawn up in accordance with paragraph 4 of Article 12 of this Law, if any;

g) documents reflecting the consultation held with the population of the municipality (municipalities);

h) the request of the Sakrebulo (Sakrebulos) of the municipality (municipalities), if any.

7. The full name of a self-governing community consists of the name of the self-governing community and the general designation of the self-governing unit — "municipality". The full name of a self-governing city consists of the designation of the category of settlement — "city", the name of the city and the general designation of the self-governing unit — "municipality".

8. The Resolution of the Parliament of Georgia on the creation/abolition of a municipality shall enter into force on the day of scheduling of the next elections of the municipal bodies, and elections in the respective municipality shall be held together with the next elections of the municipal bodies. Until the first meeting of the newly elected Sakrebulo of the abovementioned municipality and the election of the Mayor of the municipality, the powers of the Sakrebulo and the Mayor existing before the elections shall extend over the territory of the respective municipality.

9. The Government of Georgia is entitled, in accordance with the procedure established by this Law, on its own initiative, on the basis of consultation with the Sakrebulo of the municipality and the population of the respective municipality, or upon the request of the Sakrebulo of the municipality and on the basis of consultation with the population of the respective municipality, to apply to the Parliament of Georgia with a submission on changing the administrative centre of a municipality (except for a self-governing city). The administrative centre of a municipality shall be determined at the time of the creation of the municipality.

10. The request of the Sakrebulo of a municipality on changing the administrative centre of the municipality shall be submitted to the respective governmental commission. The request shall be accompanied by:

a) the justification of the need to change the administrative centre of the municipality;

b) documents reflecting the consultation held with the population of the municipality;

c) the written opinion of the Sakrebulo of the municipality drawn up in accordance with paragraph 4 of Article 12 of this Law.

11. The submission of the Government of Georgia on changing the administrative centre of a municipality shall be accompanied by:

a) the justification of the need to change the administrative centre of the municipality;

b) documents reflecting the consultation held with the population of the municipality;

c) the written opinion of the municipal council drawn up in accordance with paragraph 4 of Article 12 of this Law, if any.

12. Decisions on the creation and abolition of a municipality, as well as on the establishment and change of the administrative centre of a municipality, shall be adopted by the Parliament of Georgia by resolution, upon the submission of the Government of Georgia.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017.

Article 11. Change of the Administrative Borders of a Municipality1. The Government of Georgia is entitled, in accordance with the procedure established by this Law, on its own initiative, on the basis of consultation with the councils of the municipalities and the population, or upon the request of the council (councils) of a municipality (municipalities) and on the basis of consultation with the population of the respective municipality (municipalities), to apply to the Parliament of Georgia with a submission on the change of the administrative borders of the municipality.🔗

2. A request of the council (councils) of a municipality (municipalities) on the change of the administrative borders of the municipality shall be submitted to the respective governmental commission. The request shall be accompanied by:

a) the justification of the need to change the administrative borders of the municipality;

b) the new administrative borders of the municipality and a schematic map;

c) documents reflecting the consultation held with the population of the municipality (municipalities);

d) the written opinion of the municipal council drawn up in accordance with paragraph 4 of Article 12 of this Law.

3. The councils of municipalities are entitled to apply to the respective governmental commission with a joint request. The joint request shall be accompanied by the documentation provided for by paragraph 2 of this Article. The text of the joint request and the attached documentation shall be approved by the councils of the said municipalities. The joint request shall be signed by the chairpersons of the councils of these municipalities.

4. If the request on the change of the administrative borders of a municipality was submitted by the municipal council, the respective governmental commission shall be obliged to hold consultations with the council (councils) and the population of the municipality (municipalities) that may be affected by the change of the administrative borders.

5. The submission of the Government of Georgia on the change of the administrative borders of a municipality shall be accompanied by:

a) the justification of the need to change the administrative borders of the municipality;

b) the new administrative borders of the municipality and a schematic map;

c) documents reflecting the consultation held with the population of the municipality (municipalities);

d) the written opinion of the municipal council drawn up in accordance with paragraph 4 of Article 12 of this Law, if any;

e) the request of the council (councils) of the municipality (municipalities), if any.

6. The decision on the change of the administrative borders of a municipality shall be taken by the Parliament of Georgia by Resolution, upon the submission of the Government of Georgia.

Article 12. Rule for holding consultation with the municipal council 1. The relevant governmental commission shall prepare for consideration by the Government of Georgia proposals on the creation/abolition of a municipality, the establishment/change of an administrative centre and the change of administrative boundaries, and the corresponding application of the council (councils) of the municipality (municipalities).🔗

2. For the purpose of consultation with the municipal council, the relevant governmental commission shall send the documentation defined by subparagraphs „a“−„e“, „g“ and „h“ of paragraph 6 of Article 10 of this Law and by subparagraphs „a“, „b“ and „e“ of paragraph 5 of Article 11 to the council (councils) of the municipality (municipalities). The municipal council shall be obliged to consider the said documentation at a council sitting and to submit its opinion in writing to the relevant governmental commission no later than 20 days after receipt of the documentation. No consultation shall be held with the council (councils) of the municipality (municipalities) whose application has been submitted to the relevant governmental commission.

3. If no response is received from the municipal council within the period defined by paragraph 2 of this Article, the consultation shall be considered held and the Government of Georgia shall be entitled to apply to the Parliament of Georgia with the relevant submission. In such a case, the municipal council shall retain the right to submit its opinion in writing directly to the Parliament of Georgia.

4. The written opinion of the municipal council shall be formalised by the minutes of the council sitting. The minutes shall reflect the position of the municipal council on the matter under consideration and the opinions expressed at the sitting.

5. The holding of consultation with the population of the municipality (municipalities) on the creation/abolition of a municipality, the establishment/change of an administrative centre and the change of administrative boundaries shall be ensured by the relevant governmental commission, and in the case of submission of an application by the municipal council, by the relevant municipality.

6. Consultation with the population shall be held in the form of a public discussion with the population of the relevant municipality (municipalities). Before submitting the matter for consideration to the Government of Georgia/Governmental Commission of Georgia, the relevant governmental commission/municipality shall publicly publish information on the creation/abolition of a municipality, the establishment/change of an administrative centre and the change of administrative boundaries.

7. The public publication of the information defined by paragraph 6 of this Article shall be deemed to be its publication in a print publication that is distributed in the territory (territories) of the relevant municipality (municipalities) and is issued at least once a week. The municipality shall be entitled, instead of publishing the information in a print publication, to publicly announce it.

8. Interested persons are entitled, within 20 days from the public publication of the information defined by paragraph 7 of this article, to submit their opinions to the relevant government commission/Municipal Council. In the process of public discussion, public meetings may be held with the population of the relevant municipality (municipalities).

Article 13. Procedure for appealing a decision on the creation, abolition of a municipality, or change of its administrative boundaries. A decision of the Parliament of Georgia on the creation, abolition of a municipality, or change of its administrative boundaries may be appealed in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia.🔗

Article 14. Registration of municipalities. 1. For the purpose of unified recording of general data on municipalities, a systematic data set of municipalities — the Register of Municipalities — is created.🔗

2. The registration data of a municipality are:

a) name of the municipality;

b) names of settlements included in the self-governing community (indicating the category of each settlement);

c) name of the administrative center of the self-governing community;

d) date of registration of the municipality as a taxpayer and registration identification code;

e) administrative boundaries and schematic map of the municipality.

3. Registration of a municipality according to the registration data shall be carried out, in accordance with the rules approved by the Minister of Justice of Georgia, by a legal entity of public law operating in the field of governance of the Ministry of Justice of Georgia — the National Agency of Public Registry.

Article 15. Types of powers of a municipality. 1. The types of powers of a municipality are:🔗

a) own powers of the municipality;

b) delegated powers of the municipality.

2. The own power of a municipality is a power established by this Law, which it exercises independently and under its own responsibility.

3. The delegated power of a municipality is a power of a state/autonomous republic government body that has been transferred to the municipality on the basis of a law or on the basis of a contract concluded in accordance with the legislation of Georgia, with appropriate material and financial support.

Article 16. Own Powers of a Municipality 1. The own powers of a municipality defined by paragraph 2 of this Article are full and exclusive. In accordance with this Law, the scope (limits) of the own powers of a municipality and the procedure for their exercise may be determined only on the basis of a legislative act, except when this Law directly provides for the possibility of regulating the exercise of own powers in accordance with the legislation of Georgia.🔗

2. The own powers of a municipality are:

a) Preparation, consideration and approval of the draft budget of the municipality, making amendments to the approved budget, hearing and evaluation of the budget execution report; disposal of budgetary funds in accordance with the legislation of Georgia, conduct of treasury financial operations and banking transactions;

b) Management and disposal of property in the ownership of the municipality in the manner established by this Law and other legislative and subordinate normative acts of Georgia;

c) Management of natural resources of local importance, including water and forest resources and land resources in the ownership of the municipality, in the manner established by law;

d) Introduction and abolition of local taxes and fees in the manner established by law, setting their rates within the maximum amounts provided for by law; collection of local fees;

e) Development and approval of municipal spatial planning plans, general plans and development plans/detailed development plans in the manner established by the legislation of Georgia;

f) Improvement of the territory of the municipality and development of the corresponding engineering infrastructure; cleaning of streets, parks, squares and other public places in the territory of the municipality, greening of the territory, provision of outdoor lighting;

g) Municipal waste management;

h) Provision of water supply (including supply of technical water) and sewerage; development of a land reclamation system of local importance;

i) Establishment of early and preschool upbringing and education institutions under the management of the municipality and ensuring their functioning in the manner established by the legislation of Georgia;

i¹) Establishment of out-of-school upbringing institutions under the management of the municipality and ensuring their functioning;

i²) Ensuring the authorization of early and preschool upbringing and education institutions located in the territory of the municipality in the manner established by the legislation of Georgia;

j) Management of motor roads of local importance and organization of road traffic on roads of local importance; provision of parking places for motor vehicles and regulation of standing/stopping rules;

j¹) Adoption of a decision on the expediency of locating a bus station in the territory of the municipality;

j²) in the absence of a bus station in a settlement within the administrative boundaries of a municipality, determination by the relevant normative act of the list of settlements where departure of a route from a bus station is not mandatory;

k) issuance of a permit for regular passenger transportation within the administrative boundaries of a municipality; organization of services to the population by municipal transport;

l) regulation of outdoor trade, exhibitions, markets and fairs;

m) issuance of a construction permit on the territory of a municipality, exercise of public supervision of construction, conferring on a land plot and/or building/structure the status of a land plot and/or building/structure unsuitable for construction development purposes, establishment of a necessary road and servitude on a land plot, participation in the development of a plan for the restoration and planting of a windbreak (field-protective) belt, restoration, planting, maintenance, protection and supervision of a windbreak (field-protective) belt owned by the municipality, transfer, with the right of use, to an interested person for the use for economic purposes of a land plot or part thereof having the status of a windbreak (field-protective) belt owned by the municipality, adoption of a decision on granting the right to carry out felling for special purposes in a windbreak (field-protective) belt owned by the municipality, approval of a management plan for a windbreak (field-protective) belt owned by the municipality, implementation of urban planning measures, as well as, for this purpose, establishment of legal entities in accordance with the procedure and within the limits established by the legislative acts of Georgia;

n) regulation of issues related to the holding of assemblies and manifestations in accordance with the procedure established by law;

o) naming of geographical objects located within the administrative boundaries of a municipality, namely, a historically formed district, an administrative unit of a self-governing city, a particular zone, a microdistrict, a spring, a square, an avenue (prospect), a highway, a street, a lane, a dead end, a passage, an embankment, an esplanade, a boulevard, an alley, a public square, a garden, a park, a forest park, a forest of local importance, a cemetery, a pantheon, a building/structure, an object of the transport system, in accordance with the procedure established by law;

p) regulation of the placement of outdoor advertising;

q) establishment of rules for keeping domestic animals (including requirements for the care, walking, travel and participation of domestic companion animals in events) and resolution of issues related to stray animals, ensuring population management in the field of management of domestic companion animals (including identification-registration, sterilization/castration, monitoring and organization of shelters);

r) arrangement and maintenance of cemeteries;

s) protection and development of local self-identity, creative activity and cultural heritage; promotion of the development of the cultural sphere and tourism in the municipality and implementation of appropriate measures for this purpose; care, preservation, reconstruction and rehabilitation of cultural monuments of local significance; ensuring the functioning of libraries, club institutions, cinemas, museums, theatres, exhibition halls and sports and health facilities existing in the municipality's governance and construction of new facilities;

t) development of appropriate infrastructure for persons with disabilities, children and the elderly at facilities of local significance, including ensuring proper adaptation and equipping of public gathering places and municipal transport;

u) provision of shelter and registration for the homeless;

v) exercise, within the scope of its competence, of the powers provided for by the Law of Georgia "On Public-Private Partnership";

w) implementation of preventive and appropriate response measures for the purpose of compliance with the rules provided for by the Code on the Rights of the Child on the protection of the child in public space, the rules of group transportation of children for the purpose of participation in a public event and the fulfilment of obligations by the person exercising supervision over the child (the organiser of the event), the legal restrictions on the admission of a child to print media, public film screenings and mass entertainment dance centres (night clubs) and the accessibility of a film recorded for the child, and the prohibition of the free-of-charge and for-payment supply to a child of alcoholic, narcotic, psychotropic, toxic and other intoxicating substances, alcoholic beverages, tobacco and nicotine-containing products and capsules.

3. A municipality is entitled, on its own initiative, to decide any matter the decision of which is not within the powers of another body of authority under the legislation of Georgia and is not prohibited by law.

4. A municipality is entitled, in accordance with the procedure defined by paragraph 3 of this article, to implement measures for the purposes of promoting employment, supporting agriculture (including agricultural cooperatives), social assistance, in coordination with the body conducting state policy − for the purpose of health protection, as well as for the purposes of promoting the development of youth policy at the local level, child protection and support, promotion of mass sport, environmental protection, public education, promotion of gender equality, prevention of violence against women and/or domestic violence, protection of and assistance to victims of violence against women and/or domestic violence, keeping of archives of local significance, establishment of a healthy lifestyle, creation of an environment safe for human health, attraction of investments to the territory of the municipality, support of innovative development and other purposes.

Organic Law of Georgia of 26 December 2014 No. 2995 – website, 12.01.2015.

Organic Law of Georgia of 19 February 2016 No. 4743 - website, 25.02.2016.

Organic Law of Georgia of 8 June 2016 No. 5381 - website, 24.06.2016.

Organic Law of Georgia of 16 December 2016 No. 100 - website, 23.12.2016.

Organic Law of Georgia of 23 March 2017 No. 508 - website, 27.03.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia of 4 May 2017 No. 783 - website, 25.05.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia of 4 May 2018 No. 2279 – website, 24.05.2018.

Organic Law of Georgia of 20 July 2018 No. 3242 – website, 13.08.2018.

Organic Law of Georgia of 20 September 2019 No. 5008 – website, 27.09.2019.

Organic Law of Georgia of 18 September 2019 No. 4965 – website, 01.10.2019.

Organic Law of Georgia of 21 May 2020 No. 5908 – website, 25.05.2020.

Organic Law of Georgia of 15 July 2020 No. 6853 – website, 28.07.2020.

Organic Law of Georgia of 2 November 2021 No. 968 – website, 05.11.2021.

Organic Law of Georgia of 30 November 2023 No. 3800 – website, 20.12.2023.

Organic Law of Georgia of 15 December 2023 No. 4023 – website, 28.12.2023.

Organic Law of Georgia of 2 April 2025 No. 442 – website, 04.04.2025.

Organic Law of Georgia of 2 July 2025 No. 909 – website, 09.07.2025.

Article 17. Rule and conditions of delegation of powers1. The state or a body of the authorities of an autonomous republic may transfer to a municipality those powers of the state/a body of the authorities of an autonomous republic the exercise of which is more effective at the local level.🔗

2. Delegation of powers by the state or a body of the authorities of an autonomous republic to a municipality may be effected, respectively, by a legislative act of Georgia or a law of an autonomous republic, as well as by a contract concluded on the basis of the legislation of Georgia or of an autonomous republic, with the transfer of appropriate material and financial resources.

2¹. The rule for calculating the amount of appropriate material and financial resources for the exercise of powers delegated by the state or a body of the authorities of an autonomous republic to a municipality shall be approved, respectively, by a resolution of the Government of Georgia/of an autonomous republic.

3. The decision on the delegation of the powers of the state/a body of the authorities of an autonomous republic by contract shall be taken by the Government of Georgia/an autonomous republic. The appropriate contract shall be concluded between the municipality and the respective Ministry/state institution of special purpose, in compliance with the requirements of paragraphs 2 and 4 of this article. The contract shall be signed by the mayor of the municipality and approved by the municipal council by a majority of its full composition.

4. A municipality shall be entitled to exercise the delegated powers, within the limits established by the legislation of Georgia, adapted to local conditions.

5. When delegating powers, the same act shall designate the Ministry/state institution of special purpose which will exercise state sectoral supervision over the exercise of the delegated powers.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2589 of 30 July 2014 – website, 11.08.2014

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1718 of 7 December 2017 – website, 14.12.2017

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2931 of 17 May 2023 – website, 25.05.2023

Article 18. State standards and technical regulations in the sphere of a municipality's own and delegated powers For the purpose of equal socio-economic development of the entire territory of the country, the respective bodies of state authority shall have the right, in the sphere of a municipality's own and delegated powers, to establish by a respective normative act state standards and technical regulations.🔗

Article 19. Forms and mechanisms of exercise of municipal powers Municipal bodies, in exercising municipal powers, in accordance with the legislation of Georgia:🔗

a) adopt/issue administrative-legal acts;

b) develop, approve and implement relevant programmes, strategies, action plans and projects;

c) carry out procurements;

d) conclude contracts;

e) acquire and create municipal property;

f) own and dispose of the property in their ownership, use this property, as well as the property of the State/autonomous republic and other persons;

g) establish and manage legal entities of private law;

h) take loans;

i) carry out the construction, maintenance, rehabilitation, reconstruction and development of the relevant infrastructure;

j) in order to increase the quality of services and the efficiency of management, ensure the introduction and development of innovative technologies and electronic management systems;

k) carry out other measures.

Article 20. Right of municipalities to establish a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity and to become a member of such entity 1. Municipalities shall have the right, for the purpose of coordinating their activities and carrying out joint measures, in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia, to establish non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entities and/or become members thereof.🔗

2. The non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entities provided for by paragraph 1 of this article shall have the right, in the field of municipal powers, to organise joint measures, to participate on behalf of the municipality in the preliminary consideration of and consultations on draft laws relating to local self-government, to cooperate with the bodies of State authority, international unions (associations) of municipalities, as well as to establish relations with the relevant foreign unions (associations) in the field of local self-government and with international organisations.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4087 of 22 July 2015 – website, 04.08.2015.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 6853 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.07.2020.

Article 21. Right of Municipalities to Organize Joint Activities1. Municipalities have the right, for the purpose of the effective exercise of the powers determined by this Law and the provision of quality services to the population, in accordance with this Law and other legislative and subordinate normative acts of Georgia, to establish a joint private law legal entity provided for by this Law or to become partners/shareholders/founders of an entrepreneurial legal entity founded by a municipality/municipalities and members of a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity. Municipalities are entitled, in the cases determined by a Law of Georgia and in accordance with the established procedure, to create a joint service.🔗

2. For the purpose of implementing joint projects, a municipality has the right to conclude a contract with another municipality on the pooling of budgetary funds.

3. The decisions provided for by paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article shall be taken by the executive body/bodies of the municipality/municipalities with the consent of the council/councils of the municipality/municipalities.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4087 of 22 July 2015 – website, 04.08.2015.

Article 22. Cross-Border Cooperation of a MunicipalityA municipality is entitled to cooperate with local self-government bodies of other countries in accordance with the European Outline Convention on Transfrontier Co-operation between Territorial Communities or Authorities and the legislation of Georgia.🔗

Article 23. Municipal Council1. The representative body of a municipality is a collegial administrative body − the Municipal Council.🔗

2. The Municipal Council shall be elected for a term of 4 years, and in extraordinary elections − for the remaining term of office of the respective council, by citizens of Georgia registered in the territory of the municipality, by direct elections, on the basis of universal, equal suffrage, by secret ballot.

3. The number of members of the Municipal Council and the procedure for their election shall be determined by the Organic Law of Georgia "Election Code of Georgia".

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1611 of 25 May 2022 – website, 27.05.2022.

Article 24. Powers of the Municipal Council1. The following shall fall within the powers of the Municipal Council:🔗

a) In the field of administrative-territorial organisation of the municipality and determination of its identity:

a.a) Establishment and abolition of administrative units of the municipality, determination of their boundaries;

a.b) Submission of petitions on the establishment/abolition of a municipality, the determination/change of the administrative centre and the change of administrative boundaries;

a.c) Establishment of the symbols of the municipality (coat of arms, flag and other symbols) in accordance with the legislation of Georgia;

a.d) Establishment of the rules for introducing and conferring honorary titles and awards of the municipality;

a.e) Naming of a historically formed district, this or that zone, micro-district, spring, square, avenue, highway, street, lane, dead-end street, passage, embankment, esplanade, boulevard, alley, public garden, garden, park, forest park, forest of local importance, cemetery, pantheon, building/structure, transport system facility;

b) In the field of organisational activity:

b.a) Approval of the Rules of Procedure of the Municipal Council;

b.b) Election and removal from office of the Chairperson and the Deputy Chairperson of the Municipal Council;

b.c) Adoption of a decision on the early termination of the powers of a member of the Municipal Council;

b.d) Establishment of a commission of the Municipal Council; election and removal from office of the chairperson of the commission; at the first meeting of the newly elected Municipal Council, determination and approval of the number of members of the commission of the Municipal Council and the quotas for proportional representation, taking note of the composition of the commission; approval of the regulations of the commission and introduction of amendments thereto;

b.e) Establishment and abolition of a temporary working group of the Municipal Council, approval of the personal composition of the temporary working group and introduction of amendments thereto;

b.f) Approval of the regulations and staff list of the apparatus of the Municipal Council;

b.g) In cases provided for by this Law, appointment of a person authorised to represent the municipality/Municipal Council before the Constitutional Court of Georgia and the common courts;

b.h) To study individual issues within its powers and to prepare relevant conclusions and recommendations, as well as in cases provided for by the legislation of Georgia and in accordance with the established procedure, establishment of advisory bodies (council, committee and others) and determination of the rules of their activity;

b.i) Approval of the draft agenda of the meeting of the Municipal Council;

c) In the field of regulation and control of the activity of the executive bodies of the municipality:

c.a) Control over the activity of the executive bodies of the municipality and the officials of these bodies, hearing and evaluation of their reports;

c.b) Approval, in accordance with this Law, of the regulations and staff lists of the Mayor's Office and its structural units;

c.c) Declaration of no confidence in the Mayor of the municipality in accordance with the procedure established by this Law;

c.d) Approval, upon the submission of the mayor of the municipality, of the composition and regulations of the joint council developing the multi-municipal spatial planning plan;

c.e) Approval, upon the submission of the mayor of the municipality, of the concepts and projects of the municipality's spatial planning, general and development plans/detailed development plans;

c.f) Approval of the management plan for the windbreak (field-protective) strip owned by the municipality;

c.g) Approval of a decision on granting the right to carry out felling for special purposes in the windbreak (field-protective) strip owned by the municipality;

d) In the financial and budgetary sphere:

d.a) Consideration and approval of the draft budget of the municipality, introduction of amendments to the approved budget, control over budget execution and assessment of budget execution, in accordance with the procedure established by this Law and other legislative acts of Georgia;

d.b) Introduction and abolition of local taxes and fees in accordance with the legislation of Georgia;

d.c) In the case provided for by this Law, approval, upon the submission of the mayor of the municipality, of a contract concluded on behalf of the municipality, as well as giving consent to the conclusion of a transaction the value of which exceeds 5 percent of the municipality's budget expenditures;

d.d) Approval of the official salaries of the mayor of the municipality and the officials of the municipal council in the amount established by the Law of Georgia "On Remuneration of Labour in Public Institutions";

d.e) Determination of the amounts of official salaries of the employees of the apparatus of the municipal council and, upon the submission of the mayor of the municipality, of the amounts of official salaries of the officials and other employees of the city hall, in accordance with the Law of Georgia "On Remuneration of Labour in Public Institutions";

e) In the sphere of management and disposal of municipal property:

e.a) Establishment, upon the submission of the mayor of the municipality, of the rules for the management and disposal of municipal property, as well as of the rules for the disposal of the property of an enterprise created with more than 50 percent share participation, in accordance with the procedure determined by this Law and other legislative and subordinate normative acts of Georgia;

e.b) (Deleted – 22 July 2015, No. 4087);

e.c) Establishment, in accordance with the procedure established by the Government of Georgia, of the normative price of a non-agricultural land plot owned by the municipality, and establishment of the rules for determining the initial privatization price and the initial rent price of municipal property;

e.d) Approval, upon the submission of the mayor of the municipality, of the list of privatization objects of municipal property and the privatization plan;

e.e) Adoption of a decision on the gratuitous transfer of municipal property to the State in accordance with the procedure established by this Law;

e.f) Establishment, in accordance with the legislation of Georgia, of the rules for the management of forest and water resources owned by the municipality.

2. The powers of the municipal council shall also include the adoption of decisions in connection with the exercise of other powers of the municipality provided for by Articles 16 and 17 of this Law, as well as the powers conferred upon it by this Law, other legislative and subordinate normative acts of Georgia and the rules of procedure of the municipal council.

3. If this Law or the legislation of Georgia does not determine the municipal body responsible for the exercise of the municipality's own or delegated power, the said power shall be exercised by the municipal council or, on the instruction of the municipal council, by the mayor of the municipality.

4. The power of the municipal council which is directly defined by this Law or the legislation of Georgia as a power of the municipal council may not be transferred to another body or official, unless the law directly provides for the possibility of its transfer.

5. On the submission of the joint council, the councils of the respective municipalities shall approve the multi-municipal spatial planning plan by a joint normative act.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2589 of 30 July 2014 – website, 11 August 2014

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4087 of 22 July 2015 – website, 4 August 2015

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4310 of 18 September 2015 – website, 24 September 2015

Organic Law of Georgia No. 5070 of 28 April 2016 – website, 13 May 2016

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29 July 2017

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1837 of 22 December 2017 – website, 29 December 2017

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3242 of 20 July 2018 – website, 13 August 2018

Organic Law of Georgia No. 968 of 2 November 2021 – website, 5 November 2021

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1031 of 19 November 2021 – website, 22 November 2021

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1611 of 25 May 2022 – website, 27 May 2022

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2436 of 16 December 2022 – website, 29 December 2022

Article 25. First sitting of the representative body of a municipality – the council. The first sitting of the representative body of a municipality – the council shall be convened by the Central Election Commission of Georgia no later than the 14th day from the commencement of the powers of the newly elected council of the municipality. The first sitting of the municipal council shall be opened by the chairperson of the respective election commission. The sittings of the municipal council shall be chaired by the oldest member of the municipal council until the election of the chairperson of the municipal council."🔗

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1611 of 25 May 2022 – website, 27 May 2022

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1255 of 17 December 2025 – website, 29 December 2025

Article 26. Rules of Activity of the Municipal Council 1. Regular sessions of the Municipal Council shall be convened at least once a month by the Chairperson of the Municipal Council.🔗

2. An extraordinary session of the Municipal Council shall be convened:

a) upon a proposal of the Mayor of the municipality;

b) on the initiative of the Chairperson of the Municipal Council;

c) upon a written request of at least one third of the list composition of the Municipal Council;

d) upon a proposal of a faction of the Municipal Council;

e) upon a request of at least 1 per cent of the total number of voters registered in the territory of the municipality.

3. Within one week of the submission of a request (proposal) for convening an extraordinary session of the Municipal Council, the Chairperson of the Municipal Council shall convene the extraordinary session. If the Chairperson of the Municipal Council fails to convene the extraordinary session within one week, the Municipal Council shall be entitled to assemble.

4. The apparatus of the Municipal Council shall ensure that the members of the Municipal Council are informed about the convening of an extraordinary session of the Municipal Council in the manner established by the rules of procedure of the Municipal Council. In the event of the absence of the Chairperson of the Municipal Council at an extraordinary session of the Municipal Council, the session shall be chaired by the First Deputy Chairperson of the Municipal Council, and in the event of his/her absence – by the senior Deputy Chairperson of the Municipal Council.

5. A session of the Municipal Council shall be competent if it is attended by more than half of the full composition of the Municipal Council.

6. The Municipal Council shall take decisions by open voting. A secret ballot shall be held only when deciding the issues of election of a person to office, removal from office and declaration of no confidence.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1031 of 19 November 2021 – website, 22.11.2021.

Article 27. Bureau of the Municipal Council🔗

1. The Bureau of the Municipal Council shall consist of the Chairperson of the Municipal Council, the Deputy Chairpersons of the Municipal Council and the Chairpersons of the commissions and factions of the Municipal Council.

2. The Bureau of the Municipal Council:

a) develops and submits to the Municipal Council for approval the draft agenda of the Municipal Council sitting and the draft work plan of the Municipal Council;

b) coordinates the work of the commissions and temporary working groups of the Municipal Council;

b¹) approves (except for the first sitting of a newly elected Municipal Council) the quotas of proportional representation in the commissions of the Municipal Council determined and submitted by the Legal Affairs Commission of the Municipal Council or the commission with the relevant competence;

b²) takes note of a change made to the composition of a commission of the Municipal Council;

c) ensures the immediate inclusion in the draft agenda of the Municipal Council sitting of draft administrative-legal acts and other matters provided for by the Rules of Procedure of the Municipal Council, on the basis of the conclusions and proposals of the commissions and temporary working groups of the Municipal Council;

d) hears the reports of the officials of the municipality;

e) exercises other powers conferred on it by this Law and the Rules of Procedure of the Municipal Council.

Organic Law of Georgia of 22 July 2015 No. 4087 – website, 4 August 2015.

Organic Law of Georgia of 19 November 2021 No. 1031 – website, 22 November 2021.

Organic Law of Georgia of 16 December 2022 No. 2436 – website, 29 December 2022.

Article 28. Commission of the Municipal Council1. For the purposes of preliminary preparation of issues, facilitating the execution of decisions, and control of the city hall, its structural units and legal entities founded by the municipality, commissions shall be created in the Municipal Council, the number of which shall not exceed 5.🔗

2. The chairperson of a commission of the Municipal Council shall be elected from among the members of the commission of the Municipal Council. The composition of a commission of the Municipal Council shall be determined in proportion to the representation of the factions of the Municipal Council and the number of those members of the Municipal Council who are not united in any faction. The number of members of a commission of the Municipal Council and the quotas of proportional representation shall be determined by the Legal Issues Commission of the Municipal Council or a commission with the relevant competence in accordance with the procedure established by the Rules of Procedure of the Municipal Council and approved by the Bureau of the Municipal Council, while at the first sitting of a newly elected Municipal Council they shall be determined and approved by the Municipal Council.

2¹. In the cases provided for by paragraph 2 of this Article, within 3 days from the approval by the Bureau of the Municipal Council (the Municipal Council) of the quotas of proportional representation of the factions of the Municipal Council in the commissions of the Municipal Council, a faction shall, by its decision, nominate members to the commission.

2². The decision of a faction of the Municipal Council on the nomination of a member to a commission of the Municipal Council shall be communicated to the Legal Issues Commission of the Municipal Council or a commission with the relevant competence (the Municipal Council) and to the Bureau of the Municipal Council. The Legal Issues Commission or a commission with the relevant competence (the Municipal Council) shall verify the correctness of the nomination of a member to the commission by the faction and, if necessary, shall respond appropriately. A member nominated to a commission by a faction shall be considered appointed to the commission from the moment the said fact is acknowledged by the Bureau of the Municipal Council (the Municipal Council). A member of the Municipal Council who is not united in any faction shall become a member of the commission under the procedure established by this paragraph, on the basis of a personal application.

2³. If changes made in a faction of the Municipal Council affect the proportional representation of factions in a commission of the Municipal Council, the Legal Issues Commission of the Municipal Council or a commission with the relevant competence shall, within 1 week, determine and submit to the Bureau of the Municipal Council at its nearest sitting new quotas of proportional representation.

3. The rules for the creation and activity of commissions of the Municipal Council shall be determined by the Rules of Procedure of the Municipal Council, in accordance with the legislation of Georgia.

Organic Law of Georgia of 26 July 2017 No. 1251 – website, 29.07.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia of 19 November 2021 No. 1031 – website, 22.11.2021.

Article 28¹. Termination of the powers of a member of a commission of a municipal council 1. A member of a commission of a municipal council shall be entitled to withdraw from the composition of the commission of the municipal council at any time. A member of a commission of a municipal council shall notify in writing the chairperson of the faction of the municipal council, the bureau of the municipal council and the commission on legal issues of the municipal council or the commission with the relevant competence of the withdrawal from the composition of the commission.🔗

2. The powers of a member of a commission of a municipal council shall terminate:

a) from the moment of his/her submission of an application on withdrawal from the composition of the commission of the municipal council;

b) from the moment of termination of his/her powers as a member of the municipal council;

c) in the cases provided for by paragraph 2 of Article 30¹ of this Law.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1031 of 19 November 2021 – website, 22.11.2021.

Article 29. Temporary working group of a municipal council 1. A municipal council shall be entitled, for the study of particular issues, to create temporary working groups where necessary.🔗

2. The head and members of a temporary working group of a municipal council shall be elected by the municipal council from its composition for the term of the powers of the working group, which shall not exceed 3 months. The term of the powers of a temporary working group may be extended by one month each time. The total term of the powers of a temporary working group shall not exceed 6 months.

3. Members of a municipal council shall be included in a temporary working group of the municipal council in proportion to the representation of the factions of the municipal council and to the number of those members of the municipal council who are not united in any faction. In accordance with the procedure established by the rules of procedure of the municipal council, other persons may also be invited as members of a temporary working group for the term of the powers of the working group, with the right of an advisory vote.

4. The procedure for the activities of a temporary working group of a municipal council shall be determined by the rules of procedure of the municipal council.

Article 30. Faction of the Municipal Council (Sakrebulo) 1. Members of the Municipal Council (Sakrebulo) may unite in a faction of the Municipal Council (Sakrebulo).🔗

2. Members of the Municipal Council (Sakrebulo) elected by nomination of one political party shall not have the right to create more than one faction.

3. Members of the Municipal Council (Sakrebulo) wishing to create a faction shall develop the charter of the faction of the Municipal Council (Sakrebulo). The union of members of the Municipal Council (Sakrebulo) acquires the status of a faction from the moment of registration. The rules for the creation and activity of a faction of the Municipal Council (Sakrebulo) and its powers shall be determined by the Rules of Procedure of the Municipal Council (Sakrebulo).

4. The number of members of a faction shall not be less than 3.

5. A member of the Municipal Council (Sakrebulo) may unite in only one faction.

6. A faction may be created on both party and non-party grounds.

7. Uniting into factions on national, religious, professional, personal or territorial (place of residence) grounds shall be inadmissible.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1031 of 19 November 2021 – website, 22.11.2021.

Article 30¹. Representation of a faction of the Municipal Council (Sakrebulo) in the bodies of the Municipal Council (Sakrebulo) 1. The representation of a faction of the Municipal Council (Sakrebulo) in the bodies of the Municipal Council (Sakrebulo) shall be determined in proportion to the number of members of the Municipal Council (Sakrebulo) united in the faction.🔗

2. A member nominated by a faction of the Municipal Council (Sakrebulo) to a body of the Municipal Council (Sakrebulo) or to a position in the Municipal Council (Sakrebulo) shall cease his/her activity from the moment the Bureau of the Municipal Council (Sakrebulo) takes cognisance of the dissolution of the faction, his/her withdrawal from or expulsion from the faction, or the faction's statement on his/her recall from that body. The faction shall have the right to nominate a new candidate.

3. If, in the case of the creation or dissolution of a faction of the Municipal Council (Sakrebulo), the joining of members to a faction, or the withdrawal or expulsion of members from a faction, the changes effected in the faction affect the proportional representation of the factions, the Commission on Legal Issues of the Municipal Council (Sakrebulo) or a commission with the relevant competence shall determine new quotas for proportional representation.

4. In the case of an increase in the quotas of proportional representation for factions of the Municipal Council (Sakrebulo), personal matters of the representation of a faction in the bodies of the Municipal Council (Sakrebulo) shall be decided by the relevant faction.

5. If the quotas of proportional representation of a faction of the Municipal Council (Sakrebulo) are reduced, it shall be obliged to nominate anew, in accordance with the new quotas, the members of the faction to the relevant body of the Municipal Council (Sakrebulo).

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1031 of 19 November 2021 – website, 22.11.2021.

Article 30². Majority and Opposition of the Municipal Council 1. A list of members of the majority of the Municipal Council, certified by the signatures of not less than a majority of the full composition of the Municipal Council, shall be submitted to the Bureau of the Municipal Council, which shall register it. It shall be inadmissible to include part of the members of any faction of the Municipal Council in the list of members of the majority of the Municipal Council.🔗

2. The leader of the majority of the Municipal Council shall be indicated in the list of members of the majority of the Municipal Council. The leader of the majority of the Municipal Council is not a position in the Municipal Council, and this status may be combined with a position in the Municipal Council. The leader of the majority of the Municipal Council shall ensure the overall political coordination of the work of the factions included in the majority and the non-faction members of the Municipal Council.

3. A faction of the Municipal Council and a non-faction member shall have the right to leave the majority of the Municipal Council at any time. The faction or non-faction member shall notify the Legal Issues Commission of the Municipal Council or the commission with the relevant competence of leaving the majority. If a member of the Municipal Council included in the majority of the Municipal Council joins a faction included in the opposition of the Municipal Council, such member shall be considered to have left the majority. The Bureau of the Municipal Council shall register the relevant change upon the submission of the Legal Issues Commission of the Municipal Council or the commission with the relevant competence. The Bureau of the Municipal Council shall not register the relevant change if the number of members of the Municipal Council included in the majority of the Municipal Council becomes less than a majority of the full composition of the Municipal Council. In such a case, the majority of the Municipal Council shall be considered dissolved. After the dissolution of the majority of the Municipal Council, a new list of members of the majority of the Municipal Council shall be submitted to the Bureau of the Municipal Council in accordance with the procedure established by this article, which it shall register.

4. Members of the majority of the Municipal Council shall have the right to submit to the Bureau of the Municipal Council at any time an updated list of members of the majority of the Municipal Council. This list shall be updated in accordance with the procedure established by paragraphs 1 and 2 of this article.

5. A member of the Municipal Council who is not included in the majority of the Municipal Council shall be assigned to the opposition of the Municipal Council. The Bureau of the Municipal Council shall register the list of members of the opposition of the Municipal Council, upon the submission of the Legal Issues Commission of the Municipal Council or the commission with the relevant competence, at the nearest sitting after the registration of the list of members of the majority of the Municipal Council or after a change is made to the list of members of the majority of the Municipal Council.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1163 of 17 December 2021 – website, 24.12.2021.

Article 31. Municipal Council Apparatus 1. The organizational support for the activities of the Municipal Council shall be provided by the Municipal Council apparatus.🔗

2. The Chairperson of the Municipal Council shall appoint to and dismiss from office the Head of the Municipal Council apparatus and the employees of the apparatus in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia.

Article 32. Officials of the Municipal Council The officials of the Municipal Council are:🔗

a) Chairperson of the Municipal Council;

a¹) First Deputy Chairperson of the Municipal Council;

b) Deputy Chairperson of the Municipal Council;

c) Chairperson of a Commission of the Municipal Council;

d) Chairperson of a Faction of the Municipal Council;

e) Deputy Chairperson of a Faction of the Municipal Council.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1774 of 15 December 2017 – website, 25.12.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1031 of 19 November 2021 – website, 22.11.2021.

Article 33. Chairperson of the Municipal Council 1. The Municipal Council shall elect the Chairperson of the Municipal Council from among its members, for the term of office of the Municipal Council, by more than half of the list composition.🔗

2. No fewer than 3 members of the Municipal Council shall have the right to nominate a candidate for Chairperson of the Municipal Council.

3. After the submission of candidates for the Chairpersonship of the Municipal Council, the Chairperson of the meeting of the Municipal Council shall announce the list of candidates and request the candidates' consent to stand for election to the office of Chairperson of the Municipal Council. The Chairperson of the meeting shall draw up a single list of candidates for the voting according to the order of their submission.

4. If 1 candidate participated in the elections of the Chairperson of the Municipal Council and he/she failed to accumulate the required number of votes, repeat elections shall be held.

5. If 2 candidates participated in the elections of the Chairperson of the Municipal Council and neither of them accumulated the required number of votes, a repeat vote shall be taken for the candidate who received the most votes. If in this case too he/she failed to accumulate the required number of votes, repeat elections shall be held. In the event of an equal division of votes during the voting, repeat elections shall be held.

6. If more than 2 candidates participated in the elections of the Chairperson of the Municipal Council and none of them accumulated the required number of votes, a second round of elections shall be held between the 2 candidates who received the most votes. In the event of an equal division of votes during the voting in the second round, repeat elections shall be held. If in the second round none of the candidates accumulated the required number of votes, a repeat vote shall be taken for the candidate who received more votes. If in this case too he/she failed to accumulate the required number of votes, repeat elections shall be held. If a candidate who advanced to the second round of elections withdrew his/her candidacy, a vote shall be taken instead of him/her for the next candidate according to the number of votes received.

7. A candidate for the Chairpersonship of the Municipal Council shall have the right to withdraw his/her candidacy before each vote.

8. The submission of the same person as a candidate for the Chairpersonship of the Municipal Council may be made only twice in a row.

Article 34. Removal of the Chairperson of the Municipal Council from office, suspension of his/her powers1. The Municipal Council shall be entitled to remove the Chairperson of the Municipal Council from office.🔗

2. The issue of removal of the Chairperson of the Municipal Council from office may be raised in writing before the Municipal Council by not less than one third of the full composition of the Municipal Council. A decision on the removal of the Chairperson of the Municipal Council from office shall be considered adopted if it is supported by more than half of the list composition of the Municipal Council.

3. If, in accordance with paragraph 2 of this article, the Municipal Council has not adopted a decision on the removal of the Chairperson of the Municipal Council from office, re-initiation of the procedure for the removal of the Chairperson of the Municipal Council from office within the next 3 months shall be inadmissible.

4. The Chairperson of the Municipal Council, except for the cases provided for by Article 43 of this Law, shall have his/her powers as Chairperson of the Municipal Council suspended in the case determined by paragraph 5 of Article 56 of this Law when performing the duties of the gamgebeli/mayor.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 918 of 1 June 2017 - website, 20.06.2017.

Article 35. Powers of the Chairperson of the Municipal Council 1. The Chairperson of the Municipal Council:🔗

a) convenes, opens, chairs, conducts and, on the basis of a decision of the Municipal Council, declares a session of the Municipal Council closed;

b) during the session of the Municipal Council, ensures the maintenance of order in the session hall of the Municipal Council;

c) ensures compliance with the procedures established by the legislation of Georgia and the rules of procedure of the Municipal Council;

d) ensures the submission to the Municipal Council for approval at a session of the draft agenda of the session of the Municipal Council developed by the bureau of the Municipal Council, draws up the list of those wishing to speak on the matter under consideration, determines the order of the speakers in the manner established by the rules of procedure of the Municipal Council and gives them the floor;

e) puts the matter to a vote and announces the results of the vote;

f) coordinates the work of the commissions of the Municipal Council;

g) represents the Municipal Council within the scope of the powers conferred on him/her by this Law;

h) upon the nomination of the chairpersons of the commissions of the Municipal Council, invites experts and specialists to the commissions of the Municipal Council; concludes and terminates contracts with them;

i) signs resolutions, orders and minutes of sessions of the Municipal Council;

j) appoints and dismisses the employees of the apparatus of the Municipal Council;

k) in the manner established by the rules of procedure of the Municipal Council, submits to the Municipal Council a report on the work performed;

l) submits to the Municipal Council for approval the rules of procedure of the Municipal Council, the statute of the commission of the Municipal Council and the statute of the apparatus of the Municipal Council;

m) approves the internal regulations and job instructions of the apparatus of the Municipal Council, as well as additional qualification requirements for civil servants of the apparatus of the Municipal Council;

n) in the manner established by the Law of Georgia on Public Service, adopts decisions on the encouragement of civil servants of the apparatus of the Municipal Council and on the application of disciplinary liability measures to public servants;

o) in accordance with the legislation of Georgia, adopts a decision on the registration of a person as a lobbyist in the Municipal Council;

p) exercises other powers conferred on him/her by this Law, other legislative and subordinate normative acts of Georgia and the rules of procedure of the Municipal Council.

2. The Chairperson of the Municipal Council is accountable to the Municipal Council.

Organic Law of Georgia of 22 July 2015 No. 4087 – website, 04.08.2015.

Organic Law of Georgia of 27 October 2015 No. 4386 – website, 11.11.2015.

Organic Law of Georgia of 21 December 2016 No. 165 – website, 28.12.2016.

Organic Law of Georgia of 16 December 2022 No. 2436 – website, 29.12.2022.

Article 36. Deputy Chairpersons of the Municipal Council 1. The Chairperson of the Municipal Council has three deputies, including a first deputy. A deputy chairperson of the Municipal Council (including the first deputy) shall be elected by the Municipal Council, upon the nomination of the Chairperson of the Municipal Council, from among its members, for the term of the powers of the Municipal Council, by more than half of the listed composition.🔗

2. The functions of a deputy chairperson of the Municipal Council shall be determined by the rules of procedure of the Municipal Council.

3. In the absence of the Chairperson of the Municipal Council, the duties of the Chairperson of the Municipal Council shall be performed by his/her first deputy or, upon the instruction of the Chairperson of the Municipal Council, by one of his/her deputies.

3¹. In the event of the impossibility of the Chairperson of the Municipal Council to exercise his/her powers, his/her resignation or removal from office, suspension or termination of his/her powers as Chairperson of the Municipal Council, the duties of the Chairperson of the Municipal Council shall be performed by his/her first deputy, and in the event of the impossibility of the latter to exercise his/her powers — by the senior deputy of the Chairperson of the Municipal Council. If none of the deputies of the Chairperson of the Municipal Council has been elected or the exercise of powers by the deputies of the Chairperson of the Municipal Council is impossible, the issue of the performance of the duties of the Chairperson of the Municipal Council shall be regulated in accordance with the procedure established by the rules of procedure of the Municipal Council.

4. The Municipal Council is entitled to remove a deputy chairperson of the Municipal Council from office. The issue of removal of a deputy chairperson of the Municipal Council from office may be raised in writing before the Municipal Council by the Chairperson of the Municipal Council and by not less than one fifth of the listed composition of the Municipal Council. A decision on the removal of a deputy chairperson of the Municipal Council from office shall be considered adopted if it is supported by more than half of the listed composition of the Municipal Council.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2589 of 30 July 2014 – website, 11.08.2014

Organic Law of Georgia No. 918 of 1 June 2017 – website, 20.06.2017

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1031 of 19 November 2021 – website, 22.11.2021

Article 37. Chairperson of a Commission of the Municipal Council🔗

1. The chairperson of a commission of the municipal council shall be elected by the municipal council from among the composition of the commission of the municipal council, for the term of the powers of the municipal council, by more than half of the list composition. The right to nominate a candidate for the chairperson of a commission of the municipal council shall be held by one fifth of the list composition of the municipal council and a faction of the municipal council.

2. The chairperson of a commission of the municipal council:

a) convenes, opens, chairs and directs the sittings of the commission;

b) ensures compliance with the procedures established by the legislation of Georgia, the rules of procedure of the municipal council and the statute of the commission of the municipality;

c) draws up the draft agenda of the sitting of the commission and the list of those wishing to speak on the matter under consideration, determines the order of the speakers and gives them the floor in the manner established by the rules of procedure of the municipal council and the statute of the commission of the municipal council;

d) puts the matter to a vote and announces the results of the vote;

e) signs the minutes of the sittings of the commission;

f) acts on behalf of the commission;

g) is accountable to the municipal council;

h) exercises other powers conferred on it by the legislation of Georgia, the rules of procedure of the municipal council and the statute of the commission of the municipal council.

3. The municipal council shall be entitled to dismiss the chairperson of a commission of the municipal council from office. The matter of dismissing the chairperson of a commission of the municipal council from office may be raised in writing before the municipal council by not less than one fifth of the list composition of the municipal council, by more than half of the composition of the respective commission and by the chairperson of the municipal council. A decision on dismissing the chairperson of a commission of the municipal council from office shall be considered adopted if it is supported by more than half of the list composition of the municipal council.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1031 of 19 November 2021 – website, 22.11.2021.

Article 38. Chairperson of a Faction of the Municipal Council and Deputy Chairperson of the Faction🔗

1. A faction of the municipal council shall be headed by the chairperson of the faction.

2. The chairperson of a faction of the municipal council shall have one deputy for every three members of the faction, but not more than seven.

3. (Removed – 19.11.2021, No. 1031).

4. The procedure for electing and the powers of the chairperson of a faction of the municipal council and of the deputy chairperson of the faction shall be determined by the charter of the faction of the municipal council.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1774 of 15 December 2017 – website, 25.12.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1031 of 19 November 2021 – website, 22.11.2021.

Article 39. Incompatibility of office of an official of a municipal council. Issues of incompatibility of office of an official of a municipal council shall be regulated in accordance with the Law of Georgia "On Combating Corruption".🔗

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4386 of 27 October 2015 – website, 11 November 2015.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 165 of 21 December 2016 – website, 28 December 2016.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2227 of 30 November 2022 – website, 15 December 2022.

Article 40. Status of a member of a municipal council1. The status of a member of a municipal council is his/her legal status determined by law, which includes the powers, responsibility, procedure of activity and guarantees of a member of a municipal council.🔗

2. A citizen of Georgia who has reached the age of 21 by the day of voting may be elected as a member of a municipal council.

3. A member of a municipal council shall enjoy a free mandate and his/her recall shall be inadmissible. In the performance of his/her duties, a member of a municipal council shall not be restricted by the instructions and assignments of the voters and of the political union that nominated him/her.

4. The transfer of the powers of a member of a municipal council to another person shall be inadmissible.

5. A free mandate shall not exempt a member of a municipal council from working with voters and from the responsibility related thereto, in the manner established by the legislation of Georgia and the rules of procedure of the municipal council.

6. The powers of a member of a municipal council shall commence upon the commencement of his/her powers in accordance with the Organic Law of Georgia "Election Code of Georgia". The powers of a member of a municipal council shall terminate upon the expiry of the term of these powers or upon their early termination.

7. The powers, procedure of activity and guarantees of a member of a municipal council shall be determined by this Law and the rules of procedure of the municipal council.

8. A member of a municipal council (except for the chairperson of the municipal council) shall be obliged to be a member of at least one commission of the municipal council. A member of a municipal council may at the same time be a member of another commission of the municipal council, but in total not more than two. The chairperson of the municipal council shall be entitled, in accordance with the procedure established by paragraph 2² of Article 28 of this Law, to be a member of a commission/commissions of the municipal council, but in total not more than two.

9. The employer of a member of a municipal council shall not be entitled to restrict the right of the member of the municipal council to participate in the work of the municipal council, its commission, faction and temporary working group. An employment contract containing an agreement on the restriction of the employee's right on the said ground shall be void. The dismissal of a person from service, transfer to a lower-paid job or other discrimination on this ground shall be inadmissible.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1163 of 17 December 2021 – website, 24.12.2021.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1611 of 25 May 2022 – website, 27.05.2022.

Article 41. Remuneration for the activity of a member of a municipal council (sakrebulo)1. A member of a municipal council shall exercise his/her powers without being released from official activity and without remuneration. Only the activity of an official of the municipal council shall be remunerated.🔗

2. The amount of the official salary of the chairperson of a municipal council shall be determined in accordance with the Law of Georgia "On Remuneration of Labour in Public Institutions".

3. The procedure for reimbursing the expenses related to the exercise of the powers of a member of a municipal council who is not an official of the municipal council shall be determined by a resolution of the municipal council, while the reimbursement of expenses related to an official business trip of a member of a municipal council shall be governed by the rules established by the legislation of Georgia for the reimbursement of business trip expenses of a public servant.

4. It is inadmissible to reimburse a member of a municipal council for expenses in the form of a monetary award and a salary supplement.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2820 of 28 November 2014 – website, 3 December 2014

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1837 of 22 December 2017 – website, 29 December 2017

Article 42. Incompatibility of office of a member of a municipal council A member of a municipal council shall not have the right:🔗

a) to be a member of another representative body;

b) to hold the office of an official as defined by the Law of Georgia "On Combating Corruption", except for the office of an official of a municipal council;

c) to hold an office to which a person is elected by the Parliament of Georgia or to whose appointment the Parliament of Georgia gives consent;

d) to hold an office to which a person is appointed by the President of Georgia or the Prime Minister of Georgia;

e) to hold an office to which a person is elected, appointed or approved by the supreme representative bodies of the Autonomous Republics of Abkhazia and Adjara;

f) to work in the bodies of the judicial authority and the prosecutor's office, in the State Audit Office, in the system of the Ministries of Internal Affairs and Defence of Georgia and of the State Security Service of Georgia;

g) to be a civil servant of the electoral administration of Georgia;

h) to work in an administrative body which, in accordance with the legislation of Georgia, exercises state supervision over municipal bodies;

i) to work in the apparatus of a municipal council and in the mayor's office;

j) to participate in the management of an enterprise (enterprises) of a municipality (municipalities) (to be a director, deputy director, a member of a supervisory or directors' board, etc.), as well as to be a director or deputy director of an institution funded by the budget of the respective municipality;

k) to work in the public service of another country.

Organic Law of Georgia of 8 July 2015 No. 3971 - website, 15.07.2015.

Organic Law of Georgia of 26 July 2017 No. 1251 - website, 29.07.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia of 6 December 2018 No. 3902 – website, 14.12.2018.

Organic Law of Georgia of 15 July 2020 No. 6853 – website, 28.07.2020.

Organic Law of Georgia of 30 November 2022 No. 2227 – website, 15.12.2022.

Article 43. Early termination and suspension of the powers of a member of the Municipal Council 1. The powers of a member of the Municipal Council shall be terminated early if:🔗

a) the powers were removed by personal statement;

b) a guilty verdict of a court of final instance has entered into legal force against him/her, or the time limit for appealing a guilty verdict that has entered into legal force to a higher instance court has expired;

c) the court has recognized him/her as missing without trace, declared him/her deceased, or recognized him/her as a recipient of support, unless otherwise determined by a court judgment;

d) his/her citizenship of Georgia was terminated;

e) for 6 consecutive months he/she did not participate in the work of the Municipal Council for an unjustified reason;

f) he/she held a position incompatible with the status of a member of the Municipal Council provided for by Article 42 of this Law;

g) he/she died.

2. The powers of an official of the Municipal Council shall also be terminated early in the case of holding a position incompatible for an official as defined by the Law of Georgia "On Combating Corruption" or carrying out incompatible activity.

3. Information on the facts defined by paragraph 1 of this Article, except for the cases provided for by subparagraphs "e" and "f" of the same paragraph, shall be taken into consideration by the Municipal Council and recorded in the minutes of the Council meeting.

4. In the cases provided for by paragraph 3 of this Article, the powers of a member/official of the Municipal Council shall be terminated early from the day following the occurrence of the relevant fact. A member of the Municipal Council shall notify the Chairperson of the Municipal Council in writing of the removal of powers by personal statement. The moment of termination of his/her powers shall be considered the day following the registration of the relevant statement.

5. If a member/official of the Municipal Council does not participate in the work of the Municipal Council for 6 consecutive months or violates the requirements of incompatibility of office defined by this Law, the relevant commission of the Municipal Council, in accordance with the procedure provided for by the regulations of the Municipal Council, shall determine the reason for the absence or verify/request information to establish the fact of incompatibility of office. If it is confirmed that the reason for the absence is unjustified or the member/official of the Municipal Council violates the requirements of incompatibility of office, the relevant commission of the Municipal Council shall prepare a conclusion and submit it to the nearest meeting of the Municipal Council, which shall adopt a decision on early termination of the powers of the member/official of the Municipal Council. This decision shall be in force from the day following the expiry of the relevant period (6 months)/the occurrence of the fact of incompatibility of office.

6. The powers of a member of the Municipal Council shall be suspended if the court imposes on him/her detention as a preventive measure or administrative detention as an administrative penalty. The period of suspension of powers shall be determined respectively by the period of validity of the detention or administrative detention.

7. In the event of termination of criminal prosecution on rehabilitating grounds, revocation of detention imposed as a preventive measure, or delivery of an acquittal judgment by the court:

a) The powers of a member of the Municipal Council shall be restored if the term of powers of the Municipal Council of which he/she is a member has not expired, and the official of the Municipal Council shall be given a compensatory salary;

b) If the term of powers of the Municipal Council of which he/she was a member has expired, the period of arrest or detention shall be counted for the member of the Municipal Council toward the total term of membership in the Municipal Council, and the official of the Municipal Council shall be given the corresponding compensatory salary.

Organic Law of Georgia of 20 March 2015 No. 3401 – website, 31 March 2015.

Organic Law of Georgia of 27 October 2015 No. 4386 – website, 11 November 2015.

Organic Law of Georgia of 21 December 2016 No. 165 – website, 28 December 2016.

Organic Law of Georgia of 30 November 2022 No. 2227 – website, 15 December 2022.

Article 44. Forms of activity of a member of the Municipal Council. The forms of activity of a member of the Municipal Council are:🔗

a) participation in the sittings of the Municipal Council;

b) preparation and initiation of draft decisions of the Municipal Council;

c) participation in the work of commissions, factions and temporary working groups of the Municipal Council;

d) addressing a question to a body/official accountable before the Municipal Council;

e) reception of voters, consideration of their letters, proposals and complaints;

f) other forms established by the legislation of Georgia.

Article 45. General powers and obligations of a member of a municipal council1. A member of a municipal council is entitled to:🔗

a) address a question to a body accountable to the municipal council, the mayor of the municipality, another official, and to receive an answer. The respective body and official shall be obliged to answer the question of a member of the municipal council within one week. By agreement with the author of the question, this period may be extended by no more than 10 days;

b) meet without hindrance officials accountable to the municipal council;

c) participate directly in the consideration of the matters raised by him/her;

d) enjoy, in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia, any information necessary for the exercise of his/her powers;

e) request, in accordance with the established procedure, from the apparatus of the municipal council the relevant information and the provision of organisational-technical services;

f) submit a draft administrative-legal act of the municipal council, except in the cases provided for by this Law;

g) submit a proposal on the issuance of an administrative-legal act of the municipal council.

2. The municipal council shall be obliged to consider, on the basis of subparagraph „f“ of paragraph 1 of this Article, the matters raised at a sitting of the municipal council by way of initiation.

3. A member of the municipal council shall enjoy the right of a decisive vote when considering all matters attributed to the competence of the municipal council. A member of the municipal council shall enjoy the right of an advisory vote when participating in the work of a body of the municipal council of which he/she is not a member.

4. A member of the municipal council shall be obliged to:

a) observe the Constitution of Georgia and the laws;

b) meet citizens in accordance with the procedure established by the rules of procedure of the municipal council;

c) participate in the sittings of the municipal council and in the work of the commissions of the municipal council;

d) not publicise and not use for personal interests information which, in accordance with the legislation of Georgia, is protected from disclosure.

5. A member of the municipal council shall not be entitled to use the powers conferred on him/her by law or the opportunities related thereto for personal interests. A member of the municipal council shall be obliged to refrain from participating in the adoption of a decision and from voting at a sitting of the municipal council on a matter in respect of which he/she has a personal interest, or where there exists another circumstance that will influence the resolution of the case.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017.

Article 46. Exercise of the powers of a member of the municipal council at a meeting of the municipal council 1. A member of the municipal council has the right, at a meeting of the municipal council:🔗

a) to raise an issue for consideration;

b) to submit remarks and proposals on all issues within the powers of the municipal council;

c) to participate in the debate, to put a question to the rapporteur and to the chairperson of the meeting of the municipal council, to receive an answer and to assess it;

d) to present to the municipal council letters and appeals of citizens;

e) to express an opinion on the candidates for the bodies to be created by the municipal council and for those officials whom the municipal council elects, appoints, approves or to whose appointment it gives consent;

f) to participate in the consideration of the draft budget of the municipality and of the issue of introducing changes to the budget;

g) to exercise other powers conferred on it by the legislation of Georgia and by the rules of procedure of the municipal council.

2. The procedural issues of the exercise by a member of the municipal council of his/her powers at a meeting of the municipal council shall be determined by the rules of procedure of the municipal council.

Article 47. Relations of a member of the municipal council with voters The relations of a member of the municipal council with voters include:🔗

a) implementation of the measures provided for by the legislation of Georgia for the protection of the rights, freedoms and interests of voters;

b) reception of citizens;

c) cooperation with the bodies of state authority and of the municipality, public organisations and political associations;

d) informing voters about the work performed.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 6853 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.07.2020.

Article 48. Mayor 1. The executive body of the municipality and the highest official of the municipality is the mayor. The mayor represents the municipality, ensures the exercise of the powers of the municipality and the implementation of the decisions of the representative body of the municipality in accordance with this Law, other legislative and subordinate normative acts of Georgia and the normative acts of the respective municipality.🔗

2. The mayor is accountable to the municipal council and to the population.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4965 of 18 September 2019 – website, 01.10.2019.

Article 49. Election of Mayor 1. The mayor shall be elected for a term of 4 years, and in by-elections — for the remaining term of office of the Sakrebulo of the respective municipality, through direct elections, on the basis of universal, equal electoral right, by secret ballot, in accordance with the procedure established by the Organic Law of Georgia "Election Code of Georgia".🔗

2. A citizen of Georgia with electoral right who has resided in Georgia for at least 6 months may be elected as mayor from the age of 25.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1611 of 25 May 2022 – website, 27.05.2022.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2436 of 16 December 2022 – website, 29.12.2022.

Article 50. Mayor's Office The Mayor's Office is an institution subordinate to the executive body of the municipality, which ensures the exercise of the mayor's powers. The Mayor's Office is headed by the mayor. The Mayor's Office consists of structural units. A structural unit of the Mayor's Office, within the scope of the powers determined by the respective regulation, ensures the fulfilment of the tasks of the Sakrebulo of the municipality and of the mayor. A structural unit of the Mayor's Office may have subdivisions, which are determined by the regulation and the staff list of the respective structural unit of the Mayor's Office.🔗

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2589 of 30 July 2014 – website, 11.08.2014.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017.

Article 51. Declaration of no confidence in the mayor 1. The basis for initiating the procedure for declaring no confidence in the mayor is a written initiative of more than half of the elected membership of the municipal council or at least 20 percent of the total number of voters registered in the territory of the municipality on declaring no confidence in the mayor.🔗

2. If the initiative on declaring no confidence in the mayor belongs to voters, an initiative group shall be formed consisting of at least 10 members. The list of the initiative group shall indicate the first name, last name, place of residence and place of registration of each of its members. The initiative group must formulate specifically the initiative on declaring no confidence in the mayor. An application on the relevant initiative shall be submitted to the municipal council.

3. The application of the initiative group and the composition of the initiative group shall be registered by the apparatus of the municipal council, which, in accordance with paragraph 7 of Article 12 of this Law, ensures the public publication of information.

4. The initiative group shall be issued a registration certificate within 3 working days from the application for registration. Refusal to register shall be permissible if the requirements of this Law are violated.

5. The initiative group may, within 2 days from receipt of the refusal to register, appeal it to the relevant district (city) court, which shall consider the case and render a judgment within 5 days. The judgment of the district (city) court may be appealed to the Court of Appeals within 2 days, which shall render a judgment within 5 days. The judgment of the Court of Appeals is final and not subject to appeal.

6. The initiative group shall begin collecting signatures from the day of receipt of the registration certificate. Signatures shall be collected on a sheet of the form established by the municipal council. Each such sheet shall be signed by no more than 50 citizens, who themselves write their first name, last name, year of birth, identity document number, place of registration and date of signature. Each sheet filled in with the above data shall be signed by the person responsible for collecting signatures, who shall indicate his/her address. His/her signature must be certified by a notary office or the relevant authorized person of the council apparatus. If the council has not established the relevant sheet form, the initiative group shall ensure the collection of signatures in compliance with the requirements of this paragraph.

7. No later than 1 month from the registration of the application, the initiative group shall submit to the Chairperson of the Municipal Council an application on the initiative for declaring no confidence in the mayor and the attached signatures, which confirm that the initiative is supported by at least 20 percent of the total number of voters registered in the territory of the municipality.

8. The decision on submitting the initiative for consideration at a sitting of the municipal council in accordance with paragraph 7 of this article, or on refusing to submit it, shall be taken by the chairperson of the council within 15 days of the registration of the application. Refusal to submit the initiative for consideration at a sitting of the council shall be permissible if the requirements of this article have been violated. The refusal of the chairperson of the council may be appealed in accordance with paragraph 5 of this article.

9. The chairperson of the municipal council shall ensure the submission of the initiative for consideration at a sitting of the council in accordance with paragraph 7 of this article, no later than 20 days after the registration of the application. If the court declares unlawful the refusal of the chairperson of the council to give the initiative further progress, the council shall consider the initiative within 5 days after the court adopts the final decision.

10. An initiative of members of the municipal council shall be considered no later than 10 days after its submission. A vote of no confidence in the mayor shall be deemed declared if the initiative is supported by not less than two thirds of the list composition of the council. The declaration of no confidence in the mayor entails the termination of his/her powers.

11. If the municipal council does not declare no confidence in the mayor, raising the question of no confidence shall be inadmissible for the following 6 months.

12. Initiation of the procedure for declaring no confidence in the mayor and the declaration of no confidence shall be inadmissible within 6 months after the mayor's election, as well as during the last 1 year of the mayor's term of office.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017

Article 52. Officials of the Mayor's Office1. The officials of the Mayor's Office are:🔗

a) the mayor;

b) the first deputy mayor;

c) the deputy mayor;

d) the head of a structural unit of the Mayor's Office.

2. The number of officials of the Mayor's Office (including the mayor) shall not exceed 13.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017

Article 53. Official Salaries of Officials and Other Employees of the Mayor's Office1. The amount of the official salary of the mayor shall be determined in accordance with the Law of Georgia on Remuneration of Labour in Public Institutions.🔗

2. The amounts of the official salaries of officials and other employees of the Mayor's Office shall be determined by the municipal council, upon the mayor's submission, in accordance with the Law of Georgia on Remuneration of Labour in Public Institutions.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1837 of 22 December 2017 – website, 29.12.2017

Article 54. Powers of the Mayor 1. The Mayor:🔗

a) in the field of organizational activity of the Mayor's Office:

a.a) provides general management and coordination of the activities of the structural units of the Mayor's Office;

a.b) submits to the Municipal Council for approval the Regulation and staff list of the Mayor's Office, as well as the regulations of the structural units of the Mayor's Office;

a.c) appoints and dismisses officials of the Mayor's Office;

a.d) appoints and dismisses employees of the Mayor's Office;

a.e) distributes functions to employees of the Mayor's Office, assigns tasks to officials of the Mayor's Office and hears their reports on the work performed;

a.f) in accordance with the procedure established by the Regulation of the Mayor's Office, delegates powers to officials of the Mayor's Office, except for the powers provided for by subparagraphs „a.a“–„a.c“, „b.a“–„b.c“, „d.j“, „e.f“ and „e.g“ of this paragraph, as well as those powers which, in accordance with this Law, require approval or consent by the Municipal Council; delegates powers to officials of the Mayor's Office, other civil servants, or persons employed under an administrative contract in cases provided for by law/by a contract on delegation of powers;

a.g) in accordance with the procedure established by the Law of Georgia "On Public Service", adopts decisions on the encouragement of civil servants of the Mayor's Office and the imposition of disciplinary liability measures on public servants;

a.h) approves the internal rules of the Mayor's Office and job instructions, as well as additional qualification requirements for civil servants of the Mayor's Office;

b) in the field of relations with the Municipal Council:

b.a) submits to the Council at least once a year, in accordance with the procedure established by the Rules of Procedure of the Municipal Council, a report on the work performed, and also, at the request of at least one fourth of the members of the Council, submits an extraordinary report to the Municipal Council;

b.b) in accordance with this Law, develops and submits to the Municipal Council for adoption draft administrative-legal acts;

b.c) addresses the Chairperson of the Municipal Council with a proposal on convening an extraordinary session of the Council; is entitled to attend open and closed sessions of the Council and the Council's commissions;

b.d) ensures the enforcement of administrative-legal acts adopted by the Council;

b.e) submits to the Municipal Council for approval the composition and draft regulation of the joint council developing the multi-municipal spatial planning plan;

b.f) is entitled to apply in writing to the municipal council regarding the inclusion of the matter in the agenda of the session or its removal from the agenda. In this case, the chairperson of the municipal council shall explain the reason for the non-inclusion of the said matter in the agenda of the council session or for its removal from the agenda, after which putting the matter to a vote shall be mandatory. The decision on the inclusion of the matter in the agenda of the council session or its removal from the agenda shall be taken without discussion, by a majority of the votes of those present at the municipal council session. At the same time, the inclusion of the said matter in the agenda of the council session shall be possible if it has passed the relevant procedures provided for by this Law and the rules of procedure of the municipal council;

c) in the financial-budgetary sphere:

c.a) develops and submits to the municipal council for approval draft municipal budgets and draft amendments to the budget; ensures the execution of the approved budget within the scope of its authority;

c.b) submits to the municipal council for approval the report on the execution of the budget of the reporting year;

c.c) in accordance with the Budget Code of Georgia, in the manner established by the municipal council, without introducing amendments to the approved municipal budget, takes a decision on the redistribution of funds between the articles and codes of the budget classification of the spending institution;

c.d) submits to the municipal council for approval draft resolutions on the introduction, amendment and abolition of local taxes and fees determined by law;

c.e) on behalf of the municipality and with the consent of the municipal council, takes a loan in the manner established by this Law and other legislative acts of Georgia;

c.f) not later than February, sends to the municipal council a report on the procurements carried out in the previous year in accordance with the procurement plan; carries out procurements in the manner established by the legislation of Georgia;

d) in the sphere of management and disposal of municipal property:

d.a) in the manner established by this Law and by the municipal council, takes a decision on the management and disposal of municipal property;

d.b) with the consent of the municipal council, takes decisions on: the establishment, reorganisation and liquidation of the relevant legal entity of private law; in accordance with this Law, on participation in the establishment of a legal entity of private law and joining it; on the acquisition of a share/shares of an entrepreneurial legal entity;

d.c) in the cases provided for by this Law, with the consent of the municipal council, takes a decision on the granting of municipal movable property by way of direct disposal, for consideration or free of charge, with the right of use, conditionally or unconditionally;

d.d) with the consent of the municipal council, decides the issue of the granting of immovable property by way of direct disposal, for consideration or free of charge, with the right of use, conditionally or unconditionally;

d.d¹) With the consent of the Municipal Council, concludes a contract on the transfer, with the right of use, to an interested person, of a land plot or part thereof having the status of a windbreak (field-protective) strip owned by the municipality, for economic use;

d.e) With the consent of the Municipal Council, is authorized to decide the issue of exemption from the penalty imposed/to be imposed for violation of obligations assumed under a contract by the acquirer of municipal property / recipient with the right of use / recipient with the right of management;

d.f) With the consent of the Municipal Council, is authorized to decide the issue of exemption of the recipient of privatized and/or property granted with the right of use from the obligation to fulfill the condition(s) related to this property, except for conditions related to the fulfillment of financial and investment obligations;

d.g) In accordance with this Law, with the consent of the Municipal Council, adopts a decision on the alienation of the basic (inalienable) property of the municipality;

d.h) Ensures the maintenance, construction, reconstruction and restoration of municipal property;

d.i) Submits to the Municipal Council for approval the list of privatization objects of municipal property and the privatization plan;

d.j) Monitors the use by natural and legal persons of municipal property transferred to them with the right of use and compliance with the rules of use of property;

d.k) In the case of disposal of municipal property in the form of an auction with conditions, monitors the fulfillment by natural and legal persons of the respective conditions;

d.l) Exercises the powers provided for by the Law of Georgia “On Public-Private Partnership”;

e) In other areas of executive activity:

e.a) Signs contracts and agreements concluded on behalf of the municipality;

e.b) Represents the municipality and acts on its behalf in official relations, on behalf of the municipality grants representative powers, including authorizations (powers of attorney), except for cases provided for by this Law;

e.c) Within the scope of the municipality’s powers, ensures the preparation, submission to the Municipal Council for approval and implementation of the respective socio-economic development and other programs, strategies and plans;

e.d) Develops and submits to the Municipal Council for approval the concepts and projects of spatial planning, general and development plans/detailed development plans of the municipality;

e.d¹) Develops and submits to the Municipal Council for approval the management plan for the windbreak (field-protective) strip owned by the municipality;

e.d²) Develops and submits to the Municipal Council for approval a decision on granting the right to carry out special-purpose felling on a land plot having the status of a windbreak (field-protective) strip owned by the municipality;

e.e) within the scope of his/her powers, issues individual administrative legal acts;

e.f) for the study of individual matters assigned to his/her powers and for the preparation of relevant conclusions and recommendations, establishes deliberative bodies, including councils, commissions and working groups;

e.f¹) in cases provided for by law and/or for the purpose of exercising delegated powers (including the taking of a relevant decision), establishes commissions whose powers and rules of activity are determined by law / by a contract on the delegation of powers and/or by a subordinate normative act issued on the basis of law;

e.g) confers honorary titles and awards of the municipality;

e.h) ensures the exercise of other powers of the municipality provided for by Articles 16 and 17 of this Law, in accordance with this Law, other legislative and subordinate normative acts of Georgia and the procedure established by the municipal council;

e.i) exercises other powers provided for by this Law, the statute of the Mayor's Office and administrative legal acts of the municipal council.

2. The Mayor is entitled to appoint a representative of the Mayor in an administrative unit of the municipality. The powers of the Mayor's representative shall be determined by the statute of the Mayor's Office.

3. When the Mayor takes a decision on a personal matter, interference by a member of the municipal council in his/her activity shall be inadmissible.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2589 of 30 July 2014 - website, 11.08.2014

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4087 of 22 July 2015 – website, 04.08.2015

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4386 of 27 October 2015 - website, 11.11.2015

Organic Law of Georgia No. 5142 of 27 May 2016 - website, 04.06.2016

Organic Law of Georgia No. 5160 of 3 June 2016 - website, 17.06.2016

Organic Law of Georgia No. 165 of 21 December 2016 - website, 28.12.2016

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 - website, 29.07.2017

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2279 of 4 May 2018 – website, 24.05.2018

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3242 of 20 July 2018 – website, 13.08.2018

Organic Law of Georgia No. 6853 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.07.2020

Organic Law of Georgia No. 968 of 2 November 2021 – website, 05.11.2021

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2436 of 16 December 2022 – website, 29.12.2022

Article 55. Incompatibility of the office of the Mayor Issues of incompatibility of the office of the Mayor shall be regulated in accordance with the Law of Georgia "On Combating Corruption".🔗

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4386 of 27 October 2015 - website, 11.11.2015

Organic Law of Georgia No. 165 of 21 December 2016 - website, 28.12.2016

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 - website, 29.07.2017

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2227 of 30 November 2022 – website, 15.12.2022

Article 56. Grounds for suspension and termination of the mayor's powers 1. The grounds for suspension of the mayor's powers are:🔗

a) imposition by a court of detention as a preventive measure;

b) imposition by a court of administrative detention as an administrative penalty;

c) entry into legal force of a guilty verdict of a court, if the time limit for appeal to a higher instance court established by Georgian legislation has not expired;

d) leave;

e) temporary incapacity for work;

f) nomination as a candidate in presidential elections or elections to representative bodies, unless otherwise provided by law;

g) other cases of suspension of powers (in accordance with or on the basis of law).

2. The grounds for termination of the mayor's powers are:

a) expiration of the term of powers;

b) resignation of powers by personal application;

c) entry into legal force of a guilty verdict of a court of final instance or expiration of the time limit for appealing a guilty verdict of a court that has entered into legal force to a higher instance court;

d) death;

e) recognition by a court as missing without trace, declaration as deceased or recognition as a recipient of support, unless otherwise determined by a court judgment;

f) termination of Georgian citizenship;

g) holding an office incompatible for an official as provided for by the Law of Georgia "On Combating Corruption" or carrying out an incompatible activity;

h) declaration of no confidence by the municipal council;

i) dissolution of the council of the respective municipality in the case provided for by Article 141 of this Law.

3. In the cases provided for by subparagraphs "a"–"e" of paragraph 1 of this Article, the term of suspension of the mayor's powers shall be determined respectively by the term of detention or the term of validity of administrative detention, the term for appeal to a higher instance court, the term of leave and the term of temporary incapacity for work, and in the case provided for by subparagraph "f" of paragraph 1 of this Article – by the period from registration as a candidate by the election commission until the summarization of the results of the respective elections.

4. Information on the facts determined by paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article, except for the cases provided for by subparagraphs "g"–"i" of paragraph 2, shall be taken note of by the municipal council and recorded in the minutes of the council meeting. The mayor's powers shall be suspended/terminated from the day following the occurrence of the respective fact. The mayor shall resign his/her powers by personal application before the council. In such a case, the mayor's powers shall be terminated from the day following the registration of the respective application. The council shall adopt a decision on the issue of incompatibility of office in accordance with paragraph 5 of Article 43 of this Law.

5. In the event of suspension or termination of the mayor's powers, the duties of the mayor, until the restoration of the mayor's powers or the election of a new mayor, shall be performed by the first deputy mayor, and if the first deputy mayor is not appointed to the position – by a deputy mayor, and if the mayor has two or more deputies – by the eldest deputy mayor. If the first deputy mayor or a deputy mayor is not appointed, the duties of the mayor, until the restoration of the mayor's powers or the election of a new mayor, shall be performed by the chairperson of the municipal council. In the event of suspension of powers on the ground provided for by subparagraph "d" or "e" of paragraph 1 of this Article, the duties of the mayor shall be performed by his/her first deputy, and in the event of the absence of the first deputy mayor from the position or his/her inability to perform the duties − by a deputy mayor.

6. In the event of termination of criminal prosecution on a rehabilitating ground, cancellation of imprisonment imposed as a preventive measure, or delivery of an acquittal judgment by a court:

a) the mayor's powers shall be restored, if the term of his/her powers has not expired, and he/she shall be given compensation salary in accordance with the legislation of Georgia;

b) the mayor, if the term of his/her powers has expired, shall have the period of detention or imprisonment counted in the total period of work as mayor and shall be given the corresponding compensation salary.

7. The question of the lawfulness of a decision of the municipal council on the early termination of the mayor's powers may be appealed within 2 days of the adoption of the decision to the relevant district (city) court, which shall consider the case and adopt a decision within 2 days. The decision of the district (city) court may be appealed to the Court of Appeals within 2 days. The Court of Appeals shall consider the case and adopt a decision within 2 days. The decision of the Court of Appeals shall be final and shall not be subject to appeal.

8. In the event of early termination of the mayor's powers, extraordinary elections of the mayor shall be called by an order of the Central Election Commission of Georgia, in accordance with the procedure established by the Organic Law of Georgia "Election Code of Georgia".

9. In the event of early termination of the mayor's powers, the term of powers of the newly elected mayor shall be determined by the term of powers of the municipal council.

10. In the year of the regular elections of municipal bodies, extraordinary elections of the mayor shall not be held.

Organic Law of Georgia of 20 March 2015 No. 3401 - website, 31.03.2015.

Organic Law of Georgia of 27 October 2015 No. 4386 - website, 11.11.2015.

Organic Law of Georgia of 21 December 2016 No. 165 - website, 28.12.2016.

Organic Law of Georgia of 1 June 2017 No. 918 - website, 20.06.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia of 26 July 2017 No. 1275 - website, 29.07.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia of 26 July 2017 No. 1251 - website, 29.07.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia of 15 July 2020 No. 6853 – website, 28.07.2020.

Organic Law of Georgia of 30 November 2022 No. 2227 – website, 15.12.2022.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2436 of 16 December 2022 – website, 29.12.2022.

Article 57. First Deputy Mayor and Deputy Mayor (Deputy Mayors)1. The Mayor shall have a first deputy and a deputy (deputies), who shall be appointed to and dismissed from office by the Mayor.🔗

2. In a self-governing city, the position of vice-mayor may be established by the regulations of the City Hall instead of the position of the first deputy mayor. The official status of the vice-mayor shall be equal to the official status of the first deputy mayor.

3. The first deputy mayor/deputy mayor (deputy mayors), in accordance with the distribution of functions, shall direct the field (fields) assigned to the competence of the City Hall, shall organise and control the implementation of administrative-legal acts of the municipality and of the assignments of the Mayor, and, in accordance with the regulations of the City Hall, within the scope of their own powers, shall issue individual administrative-legal acts.

4. The powers of the first deputy mayor and deputy mayor (deputy mayors) shall be determined by the regulations of the City Hall.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2589 of 30 July 2014 - website, 11.08.2014.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 - website, 29.07.2017.

Article 58. Incompatibility of the office of first deputy mayor and deputy mayor The matters of incompatibility of the office of the first deputy mayor and deputy mayor shall be regulated in accordance with the Law of Georgia "On Combating Corruption".🔗

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4386 of 27 October 2015 - website, 11.11.2015.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 165 of 21 December 2016 - website, 28.12.2016.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 - website, 29.07.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2227 of 30 November 2022 – website, 15.12.2022.

Article 59. Suspension and termination of the powers of officials of the City Hall1. The powers of the first deputy mayor and deputy mayor shall be suspended where the relevant ground provided for by paragraph 1 of Article 56 of this Law exists, and their powers shall be terminated where the relevant ground provided for by subparagraphs „a“−„g“ of paragraph 2 of Article 56 of this Law exists. The powers of the first deputy mayor and deputy mayor shall also be terminated upon the election of a new mayor (upon the commencement of powers).🔗

2. The powers of the first deputy mayor and deputy mayor shall also be terminated in the case of their dismissal from office by the Mayor.

3. The matters of termination of the powers of the first deputy mayor and deputy mayor shall be regulated only by this Law and by the relevant resolution of the municipal council adopted on the basis of this Law.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2589 of 30 July 2014 - website, 11.08.2014.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 - website, 29.07.2017.

Article 60. Head of a structural unit of the City Hall1. The head of a structural unit of the City Hall shall be a public civil servant, who shall be appointed to and dismissed from office by the Mayor in accordance with the procedure established by the Law of Georgia on Public Service.🔗

2. The head of a structural unit of the City Hall shall:

a) direct the activities of the structural unit and be responsible for the performance of the tasks and functions assigned to that unit;

b) distribute functions among the civil servants of the structural unit;

c) submit to the Mayor proposals concerning the personnel matters of the structural unit, on the encouragement of the civil servants of the structural unit, the application of disciplinary liability measures to public servants, leave, official business trips, and professional development, in accordance with the procedure established by the Law of Georgia on Public Service;

d) determine the rules, forms and methods of organising and planning the activities of the structural unit, and the official duties of the civil servants of the structural unit;

e) submit to the Mayor the matters, proposals, conclusions and recommendations prepared by the structural unit;

f) periodically submit to the Mayor a report on the work performed by the structural unit;

g) in accordance with the regulations of the City Hall, within the scope of its authority, issue individual administrative-legal acts;

h) be accountable to the Mayor.

3. Official supervision over the activities of a structural unit of the City Hall shall be exercised by the Mayor.

4. (removed – 15.07.2020, No. 6853).

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4386 of 27 October 2015 – website, 11.11.2015.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 165 of 21 December 2016 – website, 28.12.2016.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017.

Judgment of the Constitutional Court of Georgia No. 3/5/626 of 17 October 2017 – website, 26.10.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 6853 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.07.2020.

Article 61. Administrative-legal acts of municipal bodies and officials 1. The Municipal Council and officials of a municipality, within the scope of the powers conferred by the legislation of Georgia, shall issue the relevant administrative-legal acts.🔗

2. The normative administrative-legal act of the Municipal Council is a resolution of the Council, while an individual administrative-legal act is an order of the Council.

3. The individual administrative-legal acts of municipal officials are:

a) Order of the Mayor;

b) Order of the Government of Tbilisi Municipality;

c) Order of the Chairperson of the Municipal Council;

d) Order of the First Deputy Mayor, Order of the Deputy Mayor;

e) Order of the Head of a structural unit of the Mayor's Office;

f) Order of the Governor of a district of Tbilisi Municipality.

3¹. A civil servant of the Mayor's Office or a person employed under an administrative contract shall, in the case provided for by subparagraph "a.f" of paragraph 1 of Article 54 of this Law, be entitled to issue an individual administrative-legal act – an order.

3². The commissions provided for by subparagraph "e.f1" of paragraph 1 of Article 54 of this Law and subparagraph "v1" of paragraph 2 of Article 73 shall, in the case of carrying out the activity provided for by law or by a contract on delegation of authority, be entitled to issue an individual administrative-legal act – an order.

4. The Municipal Council shall adopt an administrative-legal act by a majority of the votes of the members present at the Council meeting, but not less than one third of the Council's list composition, unless otherwise provided by this Law.

5. If no other decision has been adopted by the Municipal Council, in a court dispute related to the legality of an administrative-legal act or another matter, the Mayor of the Municipality shall represent the Municipality in court.

6. The rules for the preparation, adoption, publication, operation, recording and systematization of administrative-legal acts of a municipality shall be determined by this Law, the General Administrative Code of Georgia, the Organic Law of Georgia "On Normative Acts", the regulations of municipal bodies and other normative acts.

Organic Law of Georgia of 27 May 2016 No. 5142 – website, 04.06.2016.

Organic Law of Georgia of 3 June 2016 No. 5160 – website, 17.06.2016.

Organic Law of Georgia of 26 July 2017 No. 1251 – website, 29.07.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia of 15 July 2020 No. 6853 – website, 28.07.2020.

Article 62. Appealing administrative-legal acts of a municipality1. Administrative-legal acts of municipal bodies, officials and other civil servants, as well as of the commissions provided for by subparagraph „e.f1“ of paragraph 1 of Article 54 of this Law and subparagraph „v1“ of paragraph 2 of Article 73 of this Law, shall be appealed to a court in accordance with the procedure established by this Law and other laws of Georgia.🔗

2. Individual administrative-legal acts of an official of the city hall (except the mayor) and of another civil servant shall be appealed to the mayor and subsequently − to a court in accordance with the procedure established by law.

3. If an administrative-legal act of the executive body of a municipality, of an official of the city hall or of another civil servant contradicts a normative administrative-legal act of the municipal council and/or the legislation of Georgia, the council shall, by a majority of its full composition, adopt a decision on appealing it to a court. In such a case, the council shall be represented in court by the council or by a person designated by the chairperson of the council upon the instruction of the council, and the executive body of the municipality/city hall − by a person designated by the mayor.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 5142 of 27 May 2016 - website, 04.06.2016.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 5160 of 3 June 2016 - website, 17.06.2016.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 - website, 29.07.2017.

Article 63. Capital of Georgia and its status1. The capital of Georgia − Tbilisi is a self-governing city.🔗

2. The status of the municipality of the city of Tbilisi (hereinafter − Tbilisi), as the capital of Georgia, implies the special legal position of Tbilisi, which, in order to protect state and local interests, ensures the governance of Tbilisi through the bodies of the municipality.

3. Unless otherwise provided by this Title, the legal and economic foundations of Tbilisi as a municipality, the powers and rules of activity of the municipality and its bodies/officials, as well as the structure of the bodies of the municipality and the rules of organisational arrangement, shall be determined by the provisions established for a municipality in the relevant chapters of this Law.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 6853 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.07.2020.

Article 64. Own powers of Tbilisi The own powers of Tbilisi are:🔗

a) the powers provided for by Article 16 of this Law;

b) (removed - 18.10.2019, No. 5204);

c) naming of a natural or anthropogenic geoinformation unit, an administrative unit of Tbilisi, a historically formed district, a planning district, this or that zone, a micro-district, another territorial unit, a mountain, a hill, a gorge, a river, a lake, a spring, a square, an avenue (prospekt), a highway, a street, a lane, a dead end, a passage, an embankment, an esplanade, a boulevard, an alley, a square (skver), a garden, a park, a forest park, a forest, a city cemetery, a pantheon, a building-structure, a transport system facility located within the established administrative boundaries of the capital of Georgia;

d) (removed - 26.12.2014, No. 2995);

e) purification and disposal of wastewater;

f) the powers provided for by the Law of Georgia "On Special Protection of Green Plantations and State Forest Existing within the Administrative Boundaries of the Municipality of the City of Tbilisi and on the Adjacent Territory";

g) determination of the permit conditions for carriage by light motor vehicle − taxi (M1 category) in the capital of Georgia, the procedure for issuing a permit, the term of validity of the permit, the price of issuing the permit and the procedure for its payment, the procedure for creating, updating and processing a unified information database on permit holders;

h) determination, where necessary, of the place and/or time and conditions of stopping in the lane designated for the movement of route transport vehicles, for the movement of a light motor vehicle of the corresponding category – taxi (M1 category) and/or a motorcycle (except a three-wheeled one) and/or a moped (except a three-wheeled one) and/or for the purpose of boarding/alighting of passengers.

Organic Law of Georgia of 26 December 2014 No. 2995 – website, 12.01.2015.

Organic Law of Georgia of 6 April 2017 No. 620 - website, 21.04.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia of 4 May 2018 No. 2260 – website, 24.05.2018.

Organic Law of Georgia of 18 October 2019 No. 5204 – website, 21.10.2019.

Organic Law of Georgia of 15 July 2020 No. 6853 – website, 28.07.2020 .

Organic Law of Georgia of 6 September 2022 No. 1720 – website, 16.09.2022.

Organic Law of Georgia of 19 July 2024 No. 4386 – website, 30.07.2024.

Article 65. Bodies of Tbilisi Local self-government in Tbilisi is exercised through the representative body of Tbilisi – the Tbilisi Sakrebulo and the system of executive bodies of Tbilisi – Tbilisi City Hall.🔗

Article 66. Administrative units of Tbilisi 1. The territory of Tbilisi is divided into administrative units. The administrative unit of Tbilisi is a district. A municipality is not an administrative unit of Tbilisi.🔗

2. Resolutions on the creation and abolition of an administrative unit of Tbilisi, the establishment and change of its boundaries, upon the submission of the Mayor of Tbilisi or of not less than one third of the members of the Sakrebulo, shall be adopted by the Tbilisi Sakrebulo by a majority of the full composition of the Sakrebulo.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 6853 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.07.2020.

Article 67. Tbilisi Sakrebulo The Tbilisi Sakrebulo is the representative body of Tbilisi, the number of whose members and the procedure for their election are determined by the Organic Law of Georgia "Election Code of Georgia".🔗

Article 68. Powers of Tbilisi City Council1. The powers of the Tbilisi City Council, in addition to the powers of a municipal council provided for by this Law, shall also include:🔗

a) control over the activities of officials of the Tbilisi Government;

b) in accordance with the legislation of Georgia, in cases provided for by this Law, giving consent to the Tbilisi Government to take a loan;

c) naming of a natural or anthropogenic geoinformation unit, an administrative unit of Tbilisi, a historically established district, a planning district, one or another zone, a microdistrict, another territorial unit, a mountain, a hill, a ravine, a river, a lake, a spring, a square, an avenue (prospect), a highway, a street, a lane, a dead-end street, a passage, an embankment, an esplanade, a boulevard, an alley, a public square, a garden, a park, a forest park, a forest, a city cemetery, a pantheon, a building or structure, a transport system facility located within the established administrative boundaries of the capital of Georgia;

d) on the proposal of the Tbilisi Government, in accordance with the legislation of Georgia, adoption of decisions on the establishment, reorganization and liquidation of a Legal Entity of Public Law, as well as on approval of its statute;

e) in cases provided for by this Law, on the proposal of the Tbilisi Government, approval of a contract concluded on behalf of the municipality, as well as giving consent to the conclusion of a transaction whose value exceeds 5 percent of the expenditures of the municipality's budget;

f) on the proposal of the Tbilisi Government, establishment of rules for the management and disposal of municipal property, as well as rules for the disposal of property of an enterprise established with more than 50 percent share participation, in the manner determined by this Law and other legislative and subordinate normative acts of Georgia;

f¹) determination of the list of roads within the administrative boundaries of the capital of Georgia on which buses (categories M2 and M3) shall stop only at bus stops;

f²) determination of the place and/or time for movement by freight vehicle and/or for the delivery/transportation of goods by a person by vehicle to a person carrying out economic activity for entrepreneurial activity on public motor roads within the administrative boundaries of the capital of Georgia for the purpose of carrying out economic activity;

f³) approval of routes of a bus (category M2 or M3) in the possession of a natural or legal person carrying out tourist activity for the purpose of visiting cultural heritage sites located within the administrative boundaries of the capital of Georgia, or of any other vehicle carrying out the same activity;

f⁴) approval of routes of a bus (category M2 or M3) in the possession of a natural or legal person carrying out special regular transportation (regular transportation of persons employed, pupils, students within the administrative boundaries of the capital of Georgia);

f⁵) if necessary, determination, in the lane designated for the movement of route transport vehicles, of the place and/or time and conditions of stopping for the purpose of the movement and/or boarding/alighting of passengers of a light motor vehicle of the corresponding category – a taxi (category M1) and/or a motorcycle (except a three-wheeler) and/or a moped (except a three-wheeler);

g) (removed – 22.07.2015, No. 4087);

h) (removed – 08.07.2015, No. 3977);

i) giving consent to appointment to the position of a member of the Tbilisi Government in accordance with the procedure established by this Law;

j) making decisions in connection with the exercise of the powers provided for by Articles 16, 17 and 64 of this Law;

k) exercise of other powers provided for by this Law, other legislative and subordinate normative acts of Georgia and the Rules of Procedure of the Tbilisi City Council.

2. If this Law or the legislation of Georgia does not determine the municipal body responsible for the exercise of a municipality's own or delegated power, the said power shall be exercised by the Tbilisi City Council or, on the instruction of the Tbilisi City Council, by the Mayor of Tbilisi/the Tbilisi Government.

3. The power of the Tbilisi City Council which is directly defined by this Law or the legislation of Georgia as a power of the Tbilisi City Council may not be transferred to another body or official, unless the law directly provides for the possibility of its transfer.

4. The power provided for by subparagraph "e.d" of paragraph 1 of Article 24 of this Law shall not extend to the Tbilisi City Council.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2589 of 30 July 2014 – website, 11.08.2014

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3977 of 8 July 2015 – website, 20.07.2015

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4087 of 22 July 2015 – website, 04.08.2015

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2260 of 4 May 2018 – website, 24.05.2018

Organic Law of Georgia No. 5296 of 26 November 2019 – website, 04.12.2019

Organic Law of Georgia No. 6853 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.07.2020

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1720 of 6 September 2022 – website, 16.09.2022

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4386 of 19 July 2024 – website, 30.07.2024

Article 69. Convening of an extraordinary sitting of the Tbilisi City Council1. The procedure for convening an extraordinary sitting of the Tbilisi City Council is determined by Article 26 of this Law (except for subparagraph "e" of paragraph 2 thereof), taking into account the procedure established by paragraph 2 of this Article.🔗

2. An extraordinary sitting of the Tbilisi City Council shall be convened at the request of at least 10,000 voters registered in Tbilisi.

Article 70. Commissions of the Tbilisi City Council Not more than 11 commissions shall be established in the Tbilisi City Council in accordance with the procedure established by this Law.🔗

Article 71. Deputy Chairmen of the Tbilisi City Council 1. The Chair of the Tbilisi City Council shall have three deputies, including a first deputy.🔗

2. In the event of the absence of the Chair of the Tbilisi City Council, the duties of the Chair of the Council shall be performed by the first deputy or, on the instruction of the Chair of the Tbilisi City Council, by one of the deputies.

3. In the event of the impossibility of the Chair of the Tbilisi City Council exercising his/her powers, his/her resignation from or removal from office, suspension of the powers of the Chair of the Tbilisi City Council in the case provided for by paragraph 4 of Article 34 of this Law, or suspension or termination of the powers provided for by Article 43 of this Law, the duties of the Chair of the Tbilisi City Council shall be performed by his/her first deputy, and in the event of the impossibility of his/her exercising powers − by the senior deputy of the Chair of the Tbilisi City Council. If none of the deputies of the Chair of the Tbilisi City Council has been elected or the exercise of powers by the deputies of the Chair of the Tbilisi City Council is impossible, the issue of the performance of the duties of the Chair of the Tbilisi City Council shall be regulated in accordance with the procedure established by the Rules of Procedure of the Tbilisi City Council.

Organic Law of Georgia of 1 June 2017 No. 918 – website, 20.06.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia of 19 November 2021 No. 1031 – website, 22.11.2021.

Article 72. Tbilisi City Hall 1. Tbilisi City Hall (the Mayor of Tbilisi, the Government of Tbilisi, the structural units of Tbilisi City Hall and the administrations of the districts of Tbilisi) is the system of Tbilisi executive bodies, which ensures the executive-administrative activity of Tbilisi.🔗

2. The officials of Tbilisi City Hall are: the Mayor of Tbilisi, the First Deputy Mayor (Vice-Mayor) and the Deputy Mayor of Tbilisi, the head of a structural unit of Tbilisi City Hall and the head of a district administration of Tbilisi. The quantitative restriction on the number of officials of the City Hall established by paragraph 2 of Article 52 of this Law shall not apply to Tbilisi City Hall.

3. The structure and rules of operation of Tbilisi City Hall shall be determined by the Statute of Tbilisi City Hall. If this Law or the legislation of Georgia does not determine the Tbilisi executive body responsible for the exercise of a specific power, the separation of powers shall be effected in accordance with the Statute of Tbilisi City Hall.

Article 73. Mayor of Tbilisi 1. The highest executive body of Tbilisi – the Mayor of Tbilisi – is the head of the Tbilisi Government. The Mayor of Tbilisi shall be elected by direct elections for a term of 4 years, and in extraordinary elections – for the remaining term of the powers of the Tbilisi City Council. The procedure for electing the Mayor of Tbilisi shall be established by the Organic Law of Georgia "Election Code of Georgia".🔗

2. The Mayor of Tbilisi:

a) provides general management and coordination of the activities of the Tbilisi City Hall;

b) directs the activities of the Tbilisi Government, distributes functions to his/her deputies;

c) chairs the meetings of the Tbilisi Government;

d) develops and submits to the Tbilisi City Council for adoption drafts of administrative-legal acts;

e) submits to the Tbilisi City Council for approval drafts of the Tbilisi budget and of amendments to be made to the budget, and the report on budget execution;

f) signs individual administrative-legal acts of the Tbilisi Government;

g) within the scope of the municipality's powers, ensures the submission to the Tbilisi City Council for approval of the relevant socio-economic development and other programmes, strategies and plans;

h) submits to the Tbilisi City Council for approval the concepts and drafts of the municipality's spatial planning, general and development plans/detailed development plans;

i) issues individual administrative-legal acts;

j) signs contracts and agreements concluded on behalf of the municipality and the Tbilisi Government; carries out procurements in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia;

k) represents Tbilisi and the Tbilisi Government, acts on their behalf in official relations, performs other representative functions, confers representative powers, including authorizations (powers of attorney), on behalf of the municipality, except for cases provided for by this Law;

l) submits to the Tbilisi City Council for approval the regulations of the Tbilisi City Hall and of the structural units of the City Hall, the model regulations of the Tbilisi district administration and of the structural units of the district administration, as well as the staffing schedules of the Tbilisi City Hall and the Tbilisi district administration;

m) appoints and dismisses officials of the Tbilisi City Hall in accordance with the procedure established by this Law; appoints and dismisses other public servants of the Tbilisi City Hall in accordance with the procedure established by the Law of Georgia on Public Service, except for the case provided for by subparagraph "b" of paragraph 3 of Article 82 of this Law;

n) submits to the Tbilisi City Council for approval the amounts of official salaries of officials and employees of the Tbilisi City Hall;

o) distributes functions to employees of the Tbilisi City Hall; gives assignments to officials of the Tbilisi City Hall and hears their reports on the work performed;

p) delegates powers to officials of the Tbilisi City Hall in accordance with the procedure established by the Regulations of the Tbilisi City Hall, except for the powers provided for by subparagraphs „a“, „b“ and „s“–„v“ of this paragraph, as well as those powers which, in accordance with this Law, require approval or consent by the Tbilisi City Council;

q) adopts decisions, in accordance with the procedure established by the Law of Georgia on Public Service, on the encouragement of civil servants of the Tbilisi City Hall and on the application of disciplinary liability measures to public servants;

r) approves the internal regulations and job instructions of the Tbilisi City Hall, as well as additional qualification requirements for civil servants of the Tbilisi City Hall;

s) submits to the Tbilisi City Council, at least once a year, in accordance with the procedure established by the Rules of Procedure of the Tbilisi City Council, a report on the Tbilisi Government and the work performed by it, and also, at the request of not less than one fourth of the members of the Tbilisi City Council, submits an extraordinary report to the Council;

t) addresses the Chairperson of the Tbilisi City Council with a proposal on convening an extraordinary session of the Council, submits an additional issue for consideration at a regular session of the Council, and is entitled to attend open and closed sessions of the Council and of the Council's commissions;

u) confers honorary titles and awards of the municipality;

v) establishes advisory bodies − commissions, councils and working groups − to study individual issues within its powers;

v¹) in a case provided for by law and/or for the purpose of exercising delegated powers (including adopting the relevant decision), establishes commissions whose powers and rules of operation are determined by law/a contract on the delegation of powers and/or a subordinate normative act issued on the basis of law;

w) exercises other powers provided for by this Law and by administrative-legal acts of the Tbilisi City Council.

3. The Mayor of Tbilisi is accountable to the Tbilisi City Council and the population and discharges his powers before them.

4. The issues of declaring no confidence in the Mayor of Tbilisi, his incompatibility of office, and the suspension and termination of his powers shall be determined in accordance with Articles 51, 55 and 56 of this Law.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2589 of 30 July 2014 - website, 11.08.2014

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3977 of 8 July 2015 – website, 20.07.2015

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4087 of 22 July 2015 – website, 04.08.2015

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4386 of 27 October 2015 - website, 11.11.2015

Organic Law of Georgia No. 5142 of 27 May 2016 - website, 04.06.2016

Organic Law of Georgia No. 165 of 21 December 2016 - website, 28.12.2016

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3242 of 20 July 2018 – website, 13.08.2018

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1611 of 25 May 2022 – website, 27.05.2022

Article 74. Government of Tbilisi1. The Government of Tbilisi (hereinafter – the Government) is a collegial executive body which, within the scope of the powers determined by the legislation of Georgia, ensures the execution of decisions of the Tbilisi City Council.🔗

2. The Government consists of the Mayor of Tbilisi, his/her First Deputy (Vice-Mayor) and Deputies, the heads of structural units of Tbilisi City Hall (except for the heads of structural units included in the system of Tbilisi City Hall and exercising control and supervision) and the heads of Tbilisi district administrations.

3. Meetings of the Government are chaired by the Mayor of Tbilisi or, on the instruction of the Mayor of Tbilisi, by the First Deputy Mayor (Vice-Mayor) or one of the Deputies.

4. A meeting of the Government shall be authorized if more than half of its full composition is present. A decision shall be adopted by a majority of those present at the Government meeting.

5. The structure, powers and rules of procedure of the Government shall be determined by this Law, the Statute of Tbilisi City Hall and the Rules of Procedure of the Government.

Article 75. Powers of the Government The Government:🔗

a) In the field of organizational activity:

a.a) Coordinates the activities of the structural units of the Tbilisi City Hall and the Tbilisi district administrations;

a.b) Gives assignments to the members of the Government for the purpose of preparing and resolving issues within its powers;

a.c) Develops and submits to the Municipal Council for approval drafts of the Regulations of the Government and amendments to be made therein;

a.d) Creates commissions, councils and other consultative bodies to study individual issues within its powers and to prepare relevant conclusions and recommendations;

a.e) Submits to the Tbilisi City Assembly for approval the rules and conditions for the conduct of administrative proceedings by the structural unit of the Tbilisi City Hall and the Tbilisi district administration through the electronic document management system, as well as for the issuance and notification of an administrative-legal act;

b) In the field of relations with the Tbilisi City Assembly:

b.a) In accordance with this Law, develops and submits to the Tbilisi City Assembly for adoption drafts of administrative-legal acts;

b.b) Ensures the enforcement of administrative-legal acts adopted by the Tbilisi City Assembly;

c) In the financial and budgetary field:

c.a) Develops and reviews the draft budget of Tbilisi; ensures the execution of the approved budget within the scope of its powers; if necessary, prepares proposals on introducing changes to the budget, prepares the budget execution report and ensures its publicity;

c.b) In accordance with the Budget Code of Georgia, in the manner established by the Tbilisi City Assembly, without introducing changes to the approved budget of Tbilisi, adopts a decision on the redistribution of funds between the articles and codes of the budget classification of the spending institution;

c.c) On behalf of the municipality and with the consent of the Tbilisi City Assembly, takes a loan in accordance with the procedure established by this Law and other legislative acts of Georgia;

c.d) Submits to the Tbilisi City Assembly for approval draft resolutions on the introduction, amendment and abolition of local taxes and fees determined by law;

c.e) No later than February, sends to the Tbilisi City Assembly a report on the procurements carried out in the previous year in accordance with the procurement plan;

c.f) If necessary, approves the procedure for the implementation of programs approved by the Tbilisi budget;

d) In the field of management and disposal of municipal property:

d.a) In accordance with this Law and the procedure established by the Tbilisi City Assembly, adopts a decision on the management and disposal of municipal property;

d.b) With the consent of the Tbilisi City Assembly, adopts decisions on: the establishment, reorganization and liquidation of the respective legal entity of private law; in accordance with this Law, on participation in the establishment of a legal entity of private law and joining it; on the acquisition of a share/stocks of an entrepreneurial legal entity;

d.b¹) Approves the charters (statutes) of private law entrepreneurial and non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entities; appoints and dismisses the heads of private law entrepreneurial and non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entities and controls their activity; adopts a decision on the transfer into ownership of financial resources and movable property to a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity founded by the Government;

d.c) Submits to the Tbilisi City Council for approval proposals on the establishment, reorganization and liquidation of legal entities of public law, as well as the charter (statute) of a legal entity of public law;

d.d) (deleted - 8 July 2015, No. 3977);

d.e) (deleted - 8 July 2015, No. 3977);;

d.f) With the consent of the Tbilisi City Council, is authorized to decide the issue of exemption from the penalty imposed/to be imposed for violation of obligations assumed under a contract by the acquirer of municipal property / recipient under the right of use / recipient under the right of management;

d.g) Submits to the Tbilisi City Council, for the adoption of a decision, a proposal on the change or cancellation of the condition(s) related to this property for the acquirer of privatized Tbilisi property, the recipient of Tbilisi property transferred under the right of use or transferred under the right of management;

d.h) In accordance with this Law, with the consent of the Tbilisi City Council, adopts a decision on the alienation of the basic (non-alienable) property of the municipality;

d.i) Ensures the maintenance, construction, reconstruction and restoration of municipal property;

d.j) (deleted - 8 July 2015, No. 3977);;

d.k) In accordance with this Law and the procedure established by the Tbilisi City Council, monitors the fulfillment by the acquirer of Tbilisi property, recipient under the right of use or under the right of management of the condition(s)/obligation(s) provided for by the contract on the privatization, transfer under the right of use or transfer under the right of management of this property and/or compliance with the rules for the use of the said property;

d.l) (deleted - 8 July 2015, No. 3977);

e) In other areas of executive activity:

e.a) Within the scope of the municipality's powers, ensures the preparation and implementation of relevant socio-economic development and other programs, strategies and plans;

e.b) Develops concepts and projects of the municipality's spatial planning and urban planning plans;

e.c) Submits to the Tbilisi City Council for approval the price for issuing a permit for regular passenger transportation within the administrative boundaries of the municipality, the rules for holding a competition for issuing the permit and for paying the permit issuance price;

e.c¹) Submits to the Tbilisi City Council for approval the licensing conditions for transportation by light vehicle − taxi (category M1) in the capital of Georgia, the procedure for issuing the permit, the validity period of the permit, the price for issuing the permit and the procedure for its payment;

e.d) establishes and submits to the Tbilisi City Council for approval the traffic routes of buses (categories M2 and M3) within the administrative boundaries of the municipality for the purpose of regular passenger transportation;

e.e) establishes and submits to the Tbilisi City Council for approval the traffic routes of buses (categories M2 and M3) entering the administrative boundaries of the municipality during regular passenger transportation within the territory of Georgia;

e.e¹) establishes and submits to the Tbilisi City Council for approval the list of roads within the administrative boundaries of the municipality on which buses (M2

and M3

categories) will stop only at bus stops;

e.e²) establishes and submits to the Tbilisi City Council for approval the rule for determining the place and/or time for movement by truck on public roads within the administrative boundaries of the municipality for the purpose of carrying out economic activity and/or for the delivery/transportation of goods by a person carrying out economic activity to a person carrying out entrepreneurial activity by means of a vehicle;

e.e³) establishes and submits to the Tbilisi City Council for approval the routes of a bus (category M2 or M3) in the ownership of a natural or legal person carrying out tourist activity, or of any other vehicle of the same activity, for the purpose of sightseeing of cultural heritage objects located within the administrative boundaries of the municipality;

e.e⁴) establishes and submits to the Tbilisi City Council for approval the routes of a bus (category M2 or M3) in the ownership of a natural or legal person carrying out special regular transportation (regular transportation of persons employed within the administrative boundaries of the municipality, pupils, students);

e.e⁵) in agreement with the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Georgia, where necessary, develops and submits to the Tbilisi City Council for approval the place and/or time and conditions of stopping for the movement of a light motor vehicle of the corresponding category – a taxi (category M1) and/or a motorcycle (except a three-wheeler) and/or a moped (except a three-wheeler) in the lane intended for the movement of route vehicles, and/or for the boarding/alighting of passengers;

e.f) issues a permit for regular passenger transportation within the administrative boundaries of the municipality;

e.f¹) issues a permit for transportation by light motor vehicle − taxi (category M1) in the capital of Georgia or confers the authority to issue the said permit on a structural unit of the Tbilisi City Hall or on a legal entity founded by the municipality;

e.g) develops and submits to the Tbilisi City Council for approval the rules for issuing a construction permit in electronic form and for familiarization with an individual administrative-legal act;

e.h) within the scope of its authority issues individual administrative-legal acts;

e.i) ensures the exercise of other powers of the municipality provided for by Articles 16, 17 and 64 of this Law, in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia and by the Tbilisi City Council;

e.j) exercises other powers defined by the Regulation of the Tbilisi City Hall, the Rules of Procedure of the Government and the administrative-legal acts of the Tbilisi City Council, as well as, within the scope of its competence, other powers provided for by the legislation of Georgia.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3977 of 8 July 2015 – website, 20.07.2015.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4087 of 22 July 2015 – website, 04.08.2015.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2260 of 4 May 2018 – website, 24.05.2018.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3242 of 20 July 2018 – website, 13.08.2018.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 5296 of 26 November 2019 – website, 04.12.2019.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 6291 of 12 June 2020 – website, 19.06.2020.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 6853 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.07.2020.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 7060 of 17 July 2020 – website, 29.07.2020.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 728 of 12 July 2021 – website, 14.07.2021.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1720 of 6 September 2022 – website, 16.09.2022.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4386 of 19 July 2024 – website, 30.07.2024.

Article 76. First Deputy Mayor (Vice-Mayor) and Deputy Mayors of Tbilisi 1. The Mayor of Tbilisi shall have a first deputy (vice-mayor) and deputy mayors.🔗

2. The Mayor of Tbilisi shall appoint the first deputy (vice-mayor) and deputy mayors of the Mayor of Tbilisi to their positions with the consent of the Tbilisi City Council (Sakrebulo). The Mayor of Tbilisi shall decide the matter of dismissal of the first deputy (vice-mayor) and deputy mayors of the Mayor of Tbilisi from their positions.

3. The Tbilisi City Council shall express its consent to the appointment of the first deputy (vice-mayor) and deputy mayors of the Mayor of Tbilisi to their positions by the support of a majority of those present at a meeting of the Council, but not less than one third of the full composition of the Council. In the event of the Tbilisi City Council's failure to give consent, the Mayor of Tbilisi shall be entitled, within 10 days, to submit the same or a new candidacy. If the Tbilisi City Council again fails to express consent, the Mayor of Tbilisi shall be entitled to appoint, for a period of not more than 3 months, persons performing the duties of the first deputy (vice-mayor) and deputy mayors of the Mayor of Tbilisi.

4. If the Tbilisi City Council, under the procedure established by paragraph 3 of this article, has not given consent to the Mayor of Tbilisi for the appointment of his first deputy (vice-mayor)/deputy, the Mayor of Tbilisi shall be obliged, within the following 3 months, to submit to the Tbilisi City Council a new candidacy for the first deputy (vice-mayor)/deputy of the Mayor of Tbilisi. In such a case, the rule defined by paragraph 3 of this article shall apply. In the event of the Tbilisi City Council's failure to give consent, it shall be inadmissible to appoint as the person performing the duties of the first deputy (vice-mayor)/deputy of the Mayor of Tbilisi a person who, in accordance with paragraph 3 of this article, has already once performed the duties of the first deputy (vice-mayor)/deputy of the Mayor of Tbilisi.

5. The procedures established by paragraphs 3 and 4 of this article shall continue until the appointment of the first deputy (vice-mayor) and deputy mayors of the Mayor of Tbilisi.

6. A deputy mayor of Tbilisi, in accordance with the distribution of functions, shall direct the fields assigned to the competence of the executive bodies of Tbilisi; shall organise and control the execution of decisions of the Tbilisi City Council, the Mayor and the Government; shall, within the scope of his/her competence, issue individual administrative-legal acts; and shall perform other powers provided for by the statute of the Tbilisi City Hall and the rules of procedure of the Government.

7. The issues of incompatibility in office of the deputy mayors of the Mayor of Tbilisi, and of the suspension and termination of their powers, shall be determined in accordance with Articles 58 and 59 of this Law.

Article 77. Structural units of Tbilisi City Hall 1. Structural units of Tbilisi City Hall shall be created in accordance with the procedure established by this Law, by the Statute of Tbilisi City Hall or by a relevant amendment thereto, for the purpose of managing the social-economic sectors assigned to the competence of the Government and ensuring the activities of Tbilisi City Hall.🔗

2. The Mayor of Tbilisi shall appoint the head of a structural unit of Tbilisi City Hall to office with the consent of Tbilisi City Council. The Mayor of Tbilisi shall decide the issue of dismissal from office of the head of a structural unit of Tbilisi City Hall. The head of a structural unit of Tbilisi City Hall shall be responsible and accountable to the Mayor of Tbilisi.

3. The issues of appointment to office, incompatibility with office, suspension and termination of powers of the head of a structural unit of Tbilisi City Hall shall be determined in accordance with Articles 76, 58 and 59 of this Law.

4. The head of a structural unit of Tbilisi City Hall shall, within the scope of his/her powers, issue individual administrative-legal acts. The powers of a structural unit of Tbilisi City Hall and the powers of the head of the structural unit and the subdivisions of the structural unit shall be determined, respectively, by the Statute of Tbilisi City Hall and the statute of the structural unit and the relevant staffing schedule.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2589 of 30 July 2014 – website, 11 August 2014.

Article 78. Financial control and supervision of Tbilisi bodies 1. Internal audit and inspection of the activities of Tbilisi bodies shall be carried out in accordance with the Law of Georgia on State Internal Financial Control and the Statute of Tbilisi City Hall.🔗

2. The Tbilisi City Council shall elect the head of the Internal Audit Service of Tbilisi City Hall by a majority of the full composition, for the term of the Council's powers. The procedure for his/her election shall be determined by the Rules of Procedure of Tbilisi City Council in accordance with this Law.

Article 79. Establishment of a Legal Entity of Public Law1. The head of a Legal Entity of Public Law founded by Tbilisi shall be appointed and dismissed by the Government.🔗

2. A Legal Entity of Public Law created by a normative administrative-legal act of Tbilisi is an organisation separated from state authorities and municipal bodies, which, under the control of the Government, independently carries out social, educational, cultural, economic and/or other activities determined by the Government.

3. The Tbilisi City Council is entitled, upon the submission of the Government, to found a Legal Entity of Public Law for the purpose of issuing a construction permit, developing the urban development concept of the city and planning the Tbilisi space, conducting relevant research and preparing recommendations on the development of general and development plans/detailed development plans, ensuring the process of privatisation of property and transfer with the right of use, or for another purpose. Decisions on the reorganisation and liquidation of a Tbilisi Legal Entity of Public Law shall be taken by the Tbilisi City Council upon the submission of the Government.

4. The Tbilisi City Council is entitled, upon the proposal of the Government, to establish for a Legal Entity of Public Law the amount of the fee for the activity, service and/or expedited service defined by the charter (statute) of the Legal Entity of Public Law, including the service of issuing a construction permit under an expedited procedure.

5. A Legal Entity of Public Law founded by Tbilisi is entitled to carry out the activity provided for by the relevant law and/or its charter (statute).

6. The Government is entitled to submit to the Tbilisi City Council for approval the rules and conditions for conducting administrative proceedings by a Legal Entity of Public Law by means of an electronic document management system, issuing and communicating an administrative-legal act.

7. Movable property shall be transferred to a Legal Entity of Public Law founded by Tbilisi with the right of use or ownership, and immovable property – with the right of use, in accordance with the procedure established by this Law. The decision on the transfer of movable property into the ownership of a Legal Entity of Public Law founded by Tbilisi shall be taken by the Government.

8. A Legal Entity of Public Law is entitled to transfer, free of charge, the property in its ownership to Tbilisi.

9. With the consent of the Tbilisi City Council, a Legal Entity of Public Law is entitled to transfer the property in its ownership for use in accordance with the procedure established by Chapter XV of this Law and the legislation of Georgia.

10. The rules for the management of a Legal Entity of Public Law founded by Tbilisi shall be determined by the charter (statute) of the Legal Entity of Public Law.

11. A decision taken by a Legal Entity of Public Law founded by Tbilisi may be appealed to the Mayor of Tbilisi in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia.

12. In the event of liquidation of a Legal Entity of Public Law founded by Tbilisi, the property remaining as a result thereof shall pass into the ownership of Tbilisi.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2820 of 28 November 2014 – website, 03.12.2014.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3977 of 8 July 2015 – website, 20.07.2015.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3242 of 20 July 2018 – website, 13.08.2018.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 6853 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.07.2020. Chapter X. Territorial body of the Tbilisi City Hall − Tbilisi District Administration

Article 80. Tbilisi District Administration 1. In the administrative unit of Tbilisi − a district, a territorial body of the Tbilisi City Hall − the Tbilisi District Administration (hereinafter − the District Administration) shall be established.🔗

2. The District Administration shall consist of structural units. The structure and powers of the District Administration shall be determined by the model regulation of the District Administration.

3. The staff list, official salaries and model regulation of the District Administration shall be approved by the Tbilisi City Council on the proposal of the Mayor of Tbilisi.

4. The District Administration shall be headed by the Head of the Tbilisi District Administration (hereinafter − the Head of the District Administration). The Mayor of Tbilisi shall appoint the Head of the District Administration to office with the consent of the Tbilisi City Council. The Mayor of Tbilisi shall decide the issue of dismissal of the Head of the District Administration from office.

5. The issues of appointment to the office of the Head of the District Administration, incompatibility with office, suspension and termination of powers shall be determined in accordance with Articles 76, 58 and 59 of this Law.

Article 81. Officials of the District Administration 1. The officials of the District Administration shall be:🔗

a) the Head of the District Administration;

b) the Deputy Head of the District Administration;

c) the Head of a structural unit of the District Administration.

2. The Head of the District Administration shall appoint and dismiss from office the Deputy Head of the District Administration and the Head of a structural unit of the District Administration in accordance with the procedure established by the Law of Georgia on Public Service.

Article 82. District Governor1. The District Governor heads the activities of the Administration, ensures the governance of the district, and coordinates the implementation of the decisions of the Mayor of Tbilisi and of the Government.🔗

2. The District Governor is a member of the Government ex officio.

3. The District Governor:

a) distributes functions among the employees of the District Administration; assigns tasks to the officials of the District Administration and hears their reports on the work performed;

b) appoints and dismisses, in accordance with the procedure established by the Law of Georgia "On Public Service", the officials of the District Administration and other employees of the District Administration;

c) ensures the implementation of the administrative-legal acts, programmes and projects adopted by the Tbilisi City Council;

d) submits a budget application to the relevant structural unit of the Tbilisi City Hall;

e) signs the contracts and agreements concluded on behalf of the District Administration; represents the Administration and acts on its behalf in official relations, performs other representative functions, and carries out procurement in accordance with the legislation of Georgia and the normative acts of Tbilisi;

f) issues individual administrative-legal acts within the scope of its authority;

g) participates in the development of the document on the priorities of the capital of Georgia and of the draft budget of Tbilisi;

h) is responsible for making payments to the district in accordance with the allocations provided for by the Tbilisi budget;

i) prepares information on the execution of the allocations provided for by the Tbilisi budget and submits it to the relevant structural unit of the Tbilisi City Hall;

j) exercises other powers provided for by this Law and the Statute of the Tbilisi City Hall.

4. The District Governor is accountable and is relieved of his/her powers before the Mayor of Tbilisi.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2589 of 30 July 2014 – website, 11.08.2014

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4087 of 22 July 2015 – website, 04.08.2015

Article 83. Deputy District Governors1. The District Governor may have no more than 3 deputies.🔗

2. The deputies of the District Governor, in accordance with the distribution of functions by the District Governor, manage the fields assigned to the competence of the District Administration; prepare and submit to the District Governor proposals on the measures to be implemented in the relevant fields; organise and control the execution of the decisions of the District Governor.

3. In the absence of the District Governor, or if the District Governor is temporarily unable to perform his/her duties, one of the deputies of the District Governor shall perform the duties of the District Governor upon his/her instruction.

Article 84. Structural units of the district administration1. Structural units of the district administration shall, according to the respective fields, execute the administrative-legal acts of the Tbilisi City Council, the Mayor of Tbilisi, the Government and the district governor, and, within the scope of their powers, shall manage various fields of service to the population.🔗

2. The functions of a structural unit of the district administration shall, in accordance with the statute of the district administration, be determined by the model statute of the respective structural unit, which shall be approved by the Tbilisi City Council upon the submission of the Mayor of Tbilisi.

3. The activities of a structural unit of the district administration shall be directed by the head of the structural unit.

Article 85. Guarantees and forms of citizen participation in the exercise of local self-government1. The bodies of a municipality and the officials of the bodies of a municipality shall be obliged, in order to ensure citizen participation in the exercise of local self-government, to create organisational and material-technical conditions for the reception of citizens, meetings with citizens, the participation of citizens in the activities of the bodies of the municipality, including in the sittings of a collegial public institution, and for the transparency of the decision-making process.🔗

2. Any person shall have the right, within the scope and in accordance with the procedure determined by this Law, other legislative and subordinate legislative acts of Georgia and normative administrative-legal acts of the municipal council, to enjoy without restriction the forms of citizen participation in the exercise of local self-government.

3. A municipality shall be entitled, for the purpose of ensuring citizen participation in the exercise of local self-government, to provide for the respective programmes in the municipality's budget.

4. The forms of citizen participation in the exercise of local self-government are:

a) general assembly of a settlement;

b) petition;

c) council of civil advisers;

d) participation in the sittings of the municipal council and of a commission of the municipal council;

e) hearing of reports on the work performed by the mayor of the municipality and a member of the municipal council.

5. A municipality shall be entitled, in addition to the forms of citizen participation in the exercise of local self-government determined by this Law, to determine by a respective administrative-legal act other forms of citizen participation in the exercise of local self-government that do not contradict the legislation of Georgia.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4087 of 22 July 2015 – website, 04.08.2015

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017

Article 85¹. Access to Information 1. Municipal bodies shall be obliged, for the purpose of ensuring citizen participation in the exercise of local self-government, to carry out measures to inform the population of the municipality about their activities and about the opportunities for citizen participation in the exercise of local self-government.🔗

2. Issues related to the publicity of the activities of municipal bodies and institutions, as well as of legal entities of private law operating with funding from the municipal budget, including the publicity of a sitting of a collegial body, and to the provision of public information, shall be regulated by this Law, other legislative and subordinate legislative acts of Georgia and the resolutions of the municipal council adopted on their basis.

3. Municipal bodies shall be obliged, in the cases determined by the legislation of Georgia and in accordance with the established procedure, to publish the adopted administrative-legal acts, their drafts and other public information. Municipal bodies shall also be obliged, in accordance with the authority determined by this Law, to publish and/or publicly announce:

a) the minutes of the sittings of the municipal council, the commission of the municipal council and the bureau of the municipal council, as well as of the sittings of the government, within 10 days of the holding of the respective sitting;

b) the minutes of the sittings of the civil advisory council, within 10 days of the holding of the respective sitting;

c) the minutes of the general assembly of a settlement, within 10 days of the receipt by the city hall of the respective minutes or a copy thereof;

d) in accordance with this Law, information on the agenda and the date, time and place of the holding of the general assembly of a settlement;

e) the report on the execution of the municipal budget for the reporting year, within 10 days of its submission to the municipal council;

f) the draft municipal budget;

g) the list of municipal objects subject to privatisation, within 10 days of its approval by the municipal council;

h) the plan for the privatisation of municipal property, within 10 days of its approval;

i) the reports provided for by this Law on the work performed by the mayor of the municipality and a member of the municipal council, within 10 days of the submission of the respective report;

j) a petition, within 10 days of its registration;

k) the written initiative provided for by paragraph 1 of Article 51 of this Law, within 10 days of its registration.

4. The information provided for by paragraph 3 of this Article shall be published and/or publicly announced in accordance with Articles 56 and 57 of the General Administrative Code of Georgia and/or published proactively.

5. The municipal council shall be entitled, by a respective decision, to expand the list of information provided for by paragraph 3 of this Article that is subject to mandatory publication and/or public announcement and/or proactive publication.

Organic Law of Georgia No 4087 of 22 July 2015 – website, 04.08.2015

Organic Law of Georgia No 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017

Article 85². General Assembly of a Settlement1. The general assembly of a settlement (hereinafter – the general assembly) is a form of self-organisation of the population of a village/town/city and of citizens' participation in the exercise of local self-government, which ensures the effective involvement of the voters registered in the respective settlement in the processes of discussing, deciding and initiating before the bodies of the said municipality of matters important for that settlement and the municipality.🔗

2. The name of the general assembly consists of the designation of the category of the respective settlement ("village"/"town"/"city"), the name of the settlement and the general designation ("general assembly").

3. A member of the general assembly is a voter registered in the respective settlement. The owner of immovable property located in the territory of the respective settlement and another adult person residing in that settlement shall also have the right to participate in the general assembly with an advisory vote.

4. This Law determines the powers of the general assembly, the procedure for its convening and operation, for a settlement in which the number of registered voters does not exceed 2000.

5. For a settlement in which the number of registered voters exceeds 500, a procedure for convening the general assembly in stages in individual parts of the settlement may be established. The procedure for holding and operating the general assembly in parts of a settlement shall be determined by the municipal council in accordance with paragraph 6 of Article 85⁵ of this Law.

6. In a settlement in which the number of registered voters exceeds 2000, the municipal council is entitled, in accordance with paragraph 5 of this Article, to determine by a resolution of the municipal council the powers of the general assembly, the procedure for its convening and operation, as well as to create several general assemblies in that settlement and, taking into account this Law, to determine their powers, names and procedure of operation.

7. The general assembly is entitled, for the purpose of conducting its activities and facilitating them, to elect from among its members an elected representative of the general assembly. Not less than 5% of the members of the respective general assembly shall have the right to nominate a candidate for the elected representative of the general assembly.

8. The elected representative of the general assembly shall lead the general assembly, ensure the submission of the general assembly's decision to the respective bodies of the municipality, and also perform individual tasks of the general assembly.

9. The term of office of the elected representative of the general assembly shall be determined by the term until the convening of the next general assembly. The powers of the elected representative of the general assembly shall be automatically extended if the next general assembly does not elect a new elected representative of the general assembly. The powers of the elected representative of the general assembly may be automatically extended no more than 5 consecutive times.

10. In the activities of the general assembly, the possibility of equal participation of women and men shall be ensured.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4087 of 22 July 2015 – website, 04.08.2015.

Article 85³. Powers of the general assembly of a settlement 1. The general assembly shall be entitled to:🔗

a) consider social and economic issues important for the respective settlement and prepare relevant proposals for submission to the municipal bodies;

b) consider projects to be implemented in the respective settlement before they are reflected in the municipal budget and submit reasoned comments and proposals to the municipal bodies;

c) consider ongoing and implemented projects in the municipality and prepare relevant comments and proposals for submission to the municipal bodies;

d) organise the involvement of the local population in the resolution of issues important for the respective settlement, in particular, in the cleaning of the settlement's territory, charitable activities, the repair and improvement of the settlement's infrastructure and other areas that do not contradict the legislation of Georgia, and, where necessary, apply to the municipal bodies for assistance;

e) take a decision on submitting a petition to the municipal council;

f) upon the initiative of the mayor of the municipality, consider the issues of establishing and changing the boundaries of the settlement and prepare relevant proposals;

g) upon the submission of the relevant body of the municipality, consider the issue of including property located in the settlement's territory in the list of municipal privatisation objects and submit its own comments to the relevant body of the municipality;

h) consider an issue initiated by the mayor of the municipality at the general assembly;

i) within the scope of its powers, give assignments to the elected representative of the general assembly;

j) exercise other powers determined by this Law and the relevant resolution of the municipal council.

2. A proposal, comment or assignment adopted as a result of the consideration of an issue at the general assembly shall be formalised in the form of a decision of the general assembly by the minutes of the general assembly.

3. Decisions of the general assembly shall be submitted to the relevant municipal bodies for response in accordance with the procedure determined by paragraph 5 of Article 85⁵ of this Law. Municipal bodies shall be obliged to consider the decision of the general assembly and, within the time limits determined by this Law and the General Administrative Code of Georgia, notify the relevant members of the general assembly or the elected representative of the general assembly of the results of the consideration.

4. Municipal bodies shall be obliged to ensure that the issues provided for by subparagraphs „b“ and „f“ of paragraph 1 of this Article are submitted to the general assembly for consideration.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4087 of 22 July 2015 – website, 04.08.2015

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017

Article 85⁴. Rule for convening a general assembly of a settlement 1. The right to initiate the convening of a general assembly shall be vested in:🔗

a) at least 5% of the voters registered in the respective settlement;

b) the Mayor of the municipality – on his/her own initiative or upon a petition of the Municipal Council;

c) the elected representative of the general assembly.

2. In the case provided for by subparagraph „a“ of paragraph 1 of this Article, an initiative group shall be formed, composed of at least 3 voters registered in the respective settlement, for the purpose of initiating the convening of the general assembly. The initiative group shall submit to the Mayor of the municipality an application on the registration of the initiative for convening the general assembly. The application shall indicate the first name, last name, address, and contact telephone number (if any) of the member of the initiative group. The application shall be accompanied by copies of the identity documents of the members of the initiative group and the agenda of the general assembly. The issues included in the agenda of the general assembly shall be formulated specifically by the initiative group.

3. The Mayor's Office shall register the composition of the initiative group and the initiative for convening the general assembly. The Mayor of the municipality or a civil servant authorized by him/her shall issue to the initiative group a certificate of registration of the initiative within 3 working days from the submission of the respective application.

4. Information on the registration of the composition of the initiative group and the initiative for convening the general assembly, and the agenda of the general assembly, shall be published publicly in accordance with paragraph 4 of Article 85¹ of this Law.

5. Refusal of registration shall be permissible if the requirements of this Law are violated and/or the consideration and resolution of the issues included in the agenda of the general assembly does not fall within the competence of the municipality and/or the general assembly.

6. A member of the initiative group shall have the right to appeal the refusal of registration by the Mayor of the municipality or a civil servant authorized by him/her in accordance with the General Administrative Code of Georgia.

7. The initiative group shall begin compiling the list of voters supporting the initiative for convening the general assembly from the day of receipt of the registration certificate. The list shall indicate the first name, last name, date of birth (day, month, year), personal number of a citizen of Georgia, place of registration and signature of the voter registered in the respective settlement. Each page of the list shall be signed by a member of the initiative group.

8. Not later than 1 month from the day of receipt of the registration certificate, the initiative group shall submit to the Mayor of the municipality an application for convening the general assembly. The application shall indicate the date, time and place of convening the general assembly (within the territory of the respective settlement). The application shall be accompanied by the signatures of at least 5% of the voters registered in the respective settlement, collected in accordance with the procedure established by paragraph 7 of this Article.

9. The date of convening the general assembly may be set no earlier than the 15th day from the day of submission of the application provided for by paragraph 8 of this Article.

10. The general assembly shall be entitled to convene upon receipt of a registration certificate for information about the date, time and place of convening the general assembly. The registration certificate shall be issued by the Mayor of the municipality or a civil servant authorized by him within 5 working days from the submission of the relevant application. Refusal of registration shall be permissible if the requirements of this Law are violated. The refusal of registration by the Mayor of the municipality or a civil servant authorized by him may be appealed in accordance with paragraph 6 of this article.

11. Information about the agenda of the general assembly and the date, time and place of convening shall, in accordance with paragraph 4 of Article 85¹ of this Law, be published publicly within 3 days from the registration of the information.

12. In the case provided for by subparagraph „c“ of paragraph 1 of this article, the initiative on convening the general assembly shall not require registration by the Mayor's Office. In the said case, information about the date, time and place of convening the general assembly shall be registered in accordance with the procedure established by paragraphs 8–11 of this article, except for the procedure for submitting the list of voters having the initiative to convene the general assembly.

13. The Mayor of the municipality shall initiate the convening of the general assembly in compliance with the requirements of paragraphs 4, 9 and 11 of this article. Upon the recommendation of the Municipal Council, the procedure for convening the general assembly by the Mayor of the municipality shall be determined by the Municipal Council. The Mayor of the municipality shall not be entitled to include in the agenda of the general assembly the issue of electing the elected representative of the general assembly.

14. In the settlement where the elected representative of the general assembly has been elected, the Mayor of the municipality shall be obliged to ensure, on his/her own initiative, the convening of the general assembly at least 2 times a year.

15. The organization of the convening of the general assembly, including the dissemination in the relevant settlement of the information provided for by paragraph 11 of this article, shall be ensured by the Mayor's Office and the initiative group, as well as the elected representative of the general assembly (if any).

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4087 of 22 July 2015 – website, 04.08.2015.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017.

Article 85⁵. Rules for the Activity of the General Assembly of a Settlement 1. The general assembly is competent if not less than 20% of the members of the general assembly attend it. The organization of registration of the members of the general assembly present at the general assembly shall be ensured by the initiative group and/or the authorized civil servant of the City Hall and/or the members of the general assembly. During registration, the name, surname, date of birth (day, month, year), personal number of a citizen of Georgia, place of registration and signature of the member of the general assembly shall be indicated.🔗

2. In the case of convening the general assembly on the basis of subparagraph "a" of paragraph 1 of Article 85⁴ of this Law, the activities of the general assembly shall be conducted by the member of the initiative group whose signature is indicated first in the respective application, and in his/her absence – by another member of the initiative group or, with the consent of the initiative group, by the authorized civil servant of the City Hall. In the case of convening the general assembly on the basis of subparagraph "b" of paragraph 1 of Article 85⁴ of this Law, the activities of the general assembly shall be conducted by the authorized civil servant of the City Hall. In the settlement where an elected representative of the general assembly has been elected, the activities of the general assembly shall be conducted by the elected representative of the general assembly.

3. The drawing up of the minutes of the general assembly shall be ensured by the secretary of the general assembly. In the case of convening the general assembly on the basis of subparagraph "a" of paragraph 1 of Article 85⁴ of this Law, the function of the secretary of the general assembly shall be performed by a member of the initiative group, and in the case of convening on the basis of subparagraph "b" of paragraph 1 of Article 85⁴ of this Law – by the authorized civil servant of the City Hall. In the settlement where an elected representative of the general assembly has been elected, the function of the secretary of the general assembly shall be performed by the elected representative of the general assembly or a person authorized by him/her.

4. The general assembly shall adopt a decision by a majority of the votes of the members of the general assembly present at the general assembly. Voting shall, as a rule, be held by show of hands. The person determined by paragraph 2 of this article shall inform the members of the general assembly of the form of voting. By a decision of the general assembly, another form of voting may be established. When the general assembly is held in stages, in separate parts of the settlement, all votes of the members of the general assembly present at the general assembly shall be summed up, unless otherwise determined by a Resolution of the Municipal Council provided for by paragraph 6 of this article.

5. Minutes of the general assembly shall be drawn up at the general assembly. The minutes of the general assembly shall indicate the date and place of holding the general assembly, the number of the minutes, the issue considered by the general assembly and the decision adopted, the number of members of the general assembly present at the general assembly and, if necessary, other information. The minutes of the general assembly shall be signed by the persons determined by paragraphs 2 and 3 of this article. The submission of a copy of the minutes of the general assembly to the City Hall shall be ensured by the person determined by paragraph 2 of this article within 7 days from the holding of the general assembly.

6. The Municipal Council shall approve the model regulation of the general meeting by resolution. In accordance with this Law, the model regulation of the general meeting shall determine other issues related to the convening of the general meeting, the procedure for holding the general meeting in parts of the settlement, for initiating issues at the general meeting, for their consideration and for holding a vote, the rights and duties of the secretary of the general meeting and the elected representative of the general meeting, and the procedure for electing the elected representative of the general meeting. In accordance with this Law and other legislative and subordinate normative acts of Georgia, the model regulation of the general meeting may also determine other issues related to the activities of the general meeting.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4087 of 22 July 2015 – website, 4 August 2015.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29 July 2017.

Article 86. Petition1. The following subjects have the right to submit a petition:🔗

a) not less than 1% of the voters registered in the territory of the municipality;

b) a general assembly.

2. The municipal council is entitled to grant the right to submit a petition to a smaller number of voters registered in the territory of the municipality.

3. In accordance with a decision of the general assembly, the submission of a petition on behalf of the general assembly shall be ensured by a person elected by the general assembly and/or a person authorised by the general assembly.

4. A petition shall be written and submitted in the name of the chairperson of the municipal council. The following may be submitted in the form of a petition:

a) a draft normative administrative-legal act;

b) the main principles of a draft preparatory normative administrative-legal act or specific proposals;

c) a request to study, consider and decide at a sitting of the municipal council issues arising from problems of common importance for the municipality and/or a settlement.

5. A petition shall contain:

a) the text of the relevant application;

b) the name, surname, address, contact telephone number (if any) of the presenter(s) (not more than 3 persons) of the subject submitting the petition, and a copy of the identity document of a citizen of Georgia;

c) the date of submission of the petition;

d) in the case provided for by subparagraph „a“ of paragraph 1 of this article – the list of the voters submitting the petition registered in the territory of the relevant municipality;

e) in the case provided for by subparagraph „a“ of paragraph 4 of this article – the draft normative administrative-legal act, and in the case provided for by subparagraph „b“ of paragraph 4 of this article – the main principles of the draft preparatory normative administrative-legal act or specific proposals;

f) in the case provided for by subparagraph „c“ of paragraph 4 of this article – a specifically formulated request and the relevant justification.

6. The list of the voters submitting the petition registered in the territory of the relevant municipality shall contain the following data: the name, surname, date of birth (day, month, year), personal number of a citizen of Georgia, place of registration and signature of the voter registered in the territory of the relevant municipality.

7. A petition shall be registered by the apparatus of the municipal council. It shall ensure the publication of the petition in accordance with paragraph 4 of Article 85¹ of this Law.

8. The presenter(s) of the subject submitting the petition shall be given a certificate of registration of the petition within 3 working days from the application for its registration. Refusal of registration shall be permissible if the requirements of this Law are violated and/or the decision of the issue provided for by the petition does not fall within the powers of the municipality.

9. The presenter(s) of the subject submitting the petition shall have the right to appeal the refusal of registration to a court in accordance with the legislation of Georgia.

10. The petition provided for by subparagraph „a“ of paragraph 4 of this Article shall be considered by the municipal council, and the relevant decision shall be taken in accordance with the procedure established by this Law and the rules of procedure of the municipal council for the adoption of a resolution of the municipal council.

11. The petition provided for by subparagraph „b“ or „c“ of paragraph 4 of this Article shall, by decision of the Bureau of the municipal council, within 7 days of its registration, be transmitted for examination to the relevant commission of the municipal council or, with a proposal to establish a working group of the municipal council of the municipal council, or the said petition shall, in accordance with its authority, be sent for consideration to the Mayor of the municipality. The municipal council shall, within 1 month of the transmission of the petition by the Bureau of the municipal council, take a decision on the expediency of establishing a working group of the municipal council for the examination of the petition or shall send the petition to the relevant commission of the municipal council.

12. The relevant commission or working group of the municipal council shall, within 15 days of receiving the petition in accordance with the procedure defined by paragraph 11 of this Article, consider it and take one of the following decisions:

a) on considering it expedient to prepare a draft resolution of the municipal council in accordance with the petition;

b) on examining the petition provided for by subparagraph „c“ of paragraph 4 of this Article and submitting it for consideration to a sitting of the municipal council;

c) on considering the examination of the petition inexpedient.

13. The decisions provided for by paragraphs 11 and 12 of this Article shall be communicated to the entity that submitted the petition within 5 days of their adoption.

14. In the event of the adoption of the decision provided for by subparagraph „a“ of paragraph 12 of this Article, the draft of the relevant normative administrative-legal act shall be submitted for consideration to a sitting of the municipal council within 1 month of its adoption. The municipal council shall consider the draft of the relevant resolution in accordance with the procedure established by this Law and the rules of procedure of the municipal council for the adoption of a resolution of the municipal council.

15. In the event of the adoption of the decision provided for by subparagraph „b“ of paragraph 12 of this Article, a conclusion on the petition shall be prepared within 1 month of its adoption, and the petition, together with the conclusion, shall be submitted for consideration to a sitting of the municipal council. The municipal council shall take the relevant decision concerning the petition within 1 month.

16. The decision provided for by subparagraph „c“ of paragraph 12 of this Article shall be submitted to the municipal council within 15 days of its adoption. The municipal council shall take note of the relevant information or shall disagree with the decision of the relevant commission or working group of the municipal council and shall take another relevant decision.

17. The time limits defined by paragraphs 14 and 15 of this Article may be extended by 1 month by a decision of the municipal council.

18. The Mayor of the Municipality shall consider a petition forwarded by the Bureau of the Municipal Council in accordance with its authority and shall notify the Municipal Council and the petition-submitting entity of the results of the consideration within 1 month from acceptance of the petition for consideration. This period may be extended by 1 month with the consent of the Bureau of the Municipal Council.

19. At a meeting of the Municipal Council/commission of the Council/working group, the rapporteur/rapporteurs of the petition-submitting entity presents/present the petition and, in accordance with paragraph 4 of Article 87 of this Law, participates/participate in the meeting of the Municipal Council/commission of the Council/working group with the right of an advisory vote.

20. In the case provided for by paragraph 18 of this Article, the Municipal Council is entitled to require the Mayor of the Municipality to personally present at a meeting of the Municipal Council a report on the results of consideration of the petition and/or additional information about the petition.

21. After consideration of the petition, the Municipal Council, within 10 days from the adoption of the relevant decision, notifies the petition-submitting entity, except for the case provided for by paragraph 22 of this Article.

22. If the petition is submitted by the general assembly, the relevant public servants of the municipal bodies must present information on the results of consideration of the petition directly to the general assembly – within 1 month from the adoption of the relevant decision and/or must present it to the elected representative of the general assembly – within 10 days from the adoption of the relevant decision.

23. Other procedures related to the registration of the petition, verification of signatures and consideration of the petition shall be determined in accordance with this Article by the Rules of Procedure of the Municipal Council.

24. The Municipal Council is entitled, taking into account the norms of this Article, to determine by a resolution of the Municipal Council the procedure for submitting a petition in electronic form.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4087 of 22 July 2015 – website, 4 August 2015.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29 July 2017.

Article 86¹. Civil Advisers Council 1. The Civil Advisers Council is an advisory body of the municipality mayor/district governor. The Civil Advisers Council shall comprise representatives of entrepreneurial legal entities and of the population of the municipality. In accordance with this Law, the composition of the Civil Advisers Council shall be approved by the municipality mayor/district governor. The composition of the Civil Advisers Council shall be determined by no fewer than 10 members.🔗

2. The number of representatives of one sex in the Civil Advisers Council shall be no less than 1/3. The Civil Advisers Council shall not be authorised if the requirement of this paragraph is violated.

3. The municipality mayor shall be obliged to submit to the Civil Advisers Council approved by him for consideration the draft budget of the municipality, the spatial planning documents of the municipality, proposals on the naming of geographical objects of the municipality, as well as drafts of other important administrative-legal acts, infrastructure and social projects. Other powers of the Civil Advisers Council approved by the municipality mayor and the rules of its activity shall be determined by the statute of the Civil Advisers Council, which shall be approved by the municipality mayor.

4. The powers and rules of activity of the Civil Advisers Council approved by the district governor shall be determined by the statute of the Civil Advisers Council, which shall be approved by the district governor.

5. A decision of the Civil Advisers Council shall be drawn up in the minutes of the sitting of the Civil Advisers Council. The Civil Advisers Council shall convene at least once every 3 months.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4087 of 22 July 2015 – website, 04.08.2015.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 427 of 2 April 2025 – website, 03.04.2025.

Article 87. Participation in the sittings of the municipal council and of the commission of the municipal council1. The sittings of the municipal council and of the commission of the municipal council, as well as of the government, shall be public, except for the cases provided for by the legislation of Georgia.🔗

2. Any person shall have the right to attend the public sittings of the municipal council and of the commission of the municipal council without prior notification and/or prior permission.

3. Seats shall be allocated in the sitting hall for those wishing to attend the public sittings of the municipal council and of the commission of the municipal council. If the number of those wishing to attend a sitting exceeds the number of seats allocated for them in the sitting hall, the apparatus of the municipal council shall be obliged to ensure the use of the technical means at its disposal that will enable those wishing to attend the sitting to hear the proceedings of the sitting.

4. Persons attending the public sittings of the municipal council and of the commission of the municipal council shall have the right, without prior permission, but only with the consent of the chairperson of the sitting, to put questions to the speaker and the co-speaker, to make an explanation and a statement, and to present information, in accordance with the procedure established by the rules of procedure of the municipal council.

Organic Law of Georgia of 22 July 2015 No. 4087 – website, 04.08.2015.

Article 88. Hearing of reports on the work performed by the mayor of a municipality and a member of the municipal council1. The mayor of a municipality and a member of the municipal council shall be obliged, at least once a year, not later than 1 November, in accordance with the procedure determined by the relevant resolution of the municipal council, to organise public meetings with the voters of the municipality and to present to them a report on the work performed, and, when discussing the report, to answer the questions put by the voters of the municipality.🔗

2. A voter registered in the territory of a municipality shall have the right to attend without restriction the discussion of the public reports of the mayor of a municipality and a member of the municipal council.

3. The relevant bodies of the municipality shall be obliged to ensure the publication of the reports provided for by this Law on the work performed by the mayor of a municipality and a member of the municipal council.

Organic Law of Georgia of 22 July 2015 No. 4087 – website, 04.08.2015.

Organic Law of Georgia of 26 July 2017 No. 1251 – website, 29.07.2017.

Article 89. Municipal Budget 1. The municipal budget is the aggregate of revenues to be received, expenditures to be made and changes in the balance, approved by the Municipal Council of the respective municipality for the purpose of performing the functions and obligations of the municipality.🔗

2. The rules for the preparation, submission, consideration, approval of the draft municipal budget, the introduction of amendments to the budget, the execution of the budget, reporting and control shall be determined by this Law, the Budget Code of Georgia and other normative acts.

Article 90. Independence of the Municipal Budget 1. The municipal budget is independent from both the budgets of other municipalities and the republican budget of the Autonomous Republic and the State Budget of Georgia.🔗

2. The independence of the municipal budget is determined by its own revenues and the authority to independently determine expenditures for the exercise of its own powers.

Article 91. Consideration and approval of the draft budget of a municipality1. The draft budget of the municipality for the following year, together with the attached materials, shall be submitted by the mayor of the municipality to the municipal council no later than 15 November, in accordance with this Law and the Budget Code of Georgia.🔗

2. The municipal council shall publish the draft budget for public discussion within 5 days of its submission.

3. The municipal council shall discuss the draft budget publicly and, before the beginning of the new budget year, shall adopt by a majority of its full membership a decision on the approval of the draft budget of the municipality.

4. If there are remarks, the municipal council shall, no later than 25 November, return the draft budget with remarks to the mayor of the municipality.

5. The mayor of the municipality shall submit the same or a revised version of the draft budget to the municipal council no later than 10 December.

6. When the draft budget is considered by the municipal council, amendments may be made thereto only in agreement with the mayor of the municipality.

7. If the municipal council has not approved the revised version of the draft budget submitted by the mayor of the municipality, or in the case of the mayor's failure to share the remarks of the council − the original version of the draft budget, the municipal council is entitled to approve, by three fifths of its full membership, a draft budget initiated by a faction of the municipal council or by not less than one third of the full membership of the municipal council, which shall provide only for the remarks or part thereof sent to the mayor by the council in accordance with paragraph 4 of this Article.

8. In the event that the draft budget of the municipality is not approved before the beginning of the planned year, the mayor of the municipality is entitled to issue monthly amounts for each priority not exceeding one twelfth of the allocations of the previous budget year. In the event that the draft budget of the municipality is not approved within 3 months from the beginning of the new budget year, the Government of Georgia has the right to terminate the powers of the municipal council early in accordance with the procedure established by this Law.

9. The annual budget shall be published and available to the public.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29 July 2017.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2436 of 16 December 2022 – website, 29 December 2022.

Article 92. Municipal budget revenues 1. Municipal budget revenues are the aggregate of monetary funds received in the budget during the reporting period:🔗

a) revenues;

b) non-financial assets (funds received from operations carried out with non-financial assets);

c) financial assets (funds received from operations carried out with financial assets, except for the use of the balance);

d) obligations (funds received as a result of assuming obligations).

2. Municipal budget revenues include own revenues and non-own revenues.

3. Within the scope of its authority, a municipality may independently, at its own discretion, use its own revenues.

4. Non-own revenues of the municipal budget include capital, special and targeted transfers, a loan and a grant received in accordance with the Law of Georgia "on Grants".

5. Administration of revenues in the municipal budget shall be carried out in the manner established by the legislation of Georgia.

Article 93. Determination of a local tax and fee and the rule of administration 1. The amount (rate) of a local tax shall be determined by the municipal council in the manner established by law.🔗

2. The amount (rate) of a local fee shall be determined by the municipal council.

3. Administration of local taxes shall be ensured by tax authorities. Collection of other revenues established by the legislation of Georgia and of funds receivable from operations carried out with non-financial assets shall be ensured by the respective services, unless otherwise provided by the legislation of Georgia.

4. It shall be prohibited to introduce a tax, tariff or other charge for educational-upbringing services and catering services in public institutions of early and preschool upbringing and education located in the territory of the municipality and under the management of the municipality.

Law of Georgia of 8 June 2016 No. 5381 - website, 24.06.2016.

Law of Georgia of 23 March 2017 No. 508 - website, 27.03.2017.

Article 94. Types of transfers to be allocated to the municipal budget The types of transfers to be allocated to the municipal budget are:🔗

a) capital transfer;

b) targeted transfer;

c) special transfer.

Law of Georgia of 30 July 2014 No. 2587 - website, 11.08.2014.

Law of Georgia of 14 December 2018 No. 4018 – website, 25.12.2018.

Article 95. (removed) Law of Georgia of 14 December 2018 No. 4018 – website, 25.12.2018.🔗

Article 96. Capital transfer 1. A capital transfer shall be allocated for the implementation of a capital project. A capital transfer is financial assistance provided between the state, autonomous republic republican and municipal budgets, which is linked to an increase in the recipient's non-financial assets. A municipality may allocate a capital transfer only if it serves the goals of the transferring municipality within the scope of its own powers determined by the legislation of Georgia.🔗

2. In the case provided for by paragraph 1 of this Article, a municipality is entitled to apply to the Government of Georgia/ministries of Georgia and/or the Government of the Autonomous Republic of Georgia/ministries of the Autonomous Republic of Georgia requesting the allocation of a capital transfer in the form of financial assistance. This application shall state the basis for the request for the allocation of the capital transfer and the volume of the transfer.

3. From the state budget to the republican budget of the autonomous republic, a capital transfer shall be allocated by the procedure determined by paragraph 2 of this Article.

4. In the case provided for by paragraph 1 of this Article, a municipality's proposal on the allocation of a capital transfer may be submitted to another municipality.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2587 of 30 July 2014 – website, 11.08.2014.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2936 of 12 December 2014 – website, 24.12.2014.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 6853 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.07.2020.

Article 97. Targeted transfer1. A targeted transfer shall be transferred from one budget to another budget for the financial provision of delegated powers.🔗

2. A targeted transfer may be transferred:

a) from the state budget of Georgia to the budget of a municipality;

b) from the budget of the autonomous republic to the budget of the respective municipality.

Article 98. Special transfer 1. A special transfer shall be allocated for the liquidation of the consequences (damage) of natural phenomena, ecological and other types of catastrophes, military operations, epidemics and other emergency situations, as well as for the implementation of other measures. A special transfer is financial assistance provided between the state, the republican budgets of the autonomous republic and the municipal budgets. A municipality may allocate a transfer only if it serves the goals of the municipality granting the transfer, within the scope of its own powers determined by the legislation of Georgia.🔗

2. In the case provided for by paragraph 1 of this article, a municipality is entitled to apply to the Government of Georgia/ministries of Georgia and/or the Government of the Autonomous Republic of Georgia/ministries of the Autonomous Republic of Georgia, requesting the allocation of a special transfer in the form of financial assistance. This application shall state the grounds for the request for the allocation of the special transfer and the amount of the transfer.

3. From the state budget, a special transfer for the republican budget of the autonomous republic shall be allocated by the procedure determined by paragraph 2 of this article.

4. In the case provided for by paragraph 1 of this article, a municipality's proposal on the allocation of a special transfer may be submitted to another municipality.

5. A proposal on the allocation of a special transfer may be submitted only if the reserve fund of the relevant municipality's budget is insufficient to finance the measures provided for by paragraph 1 of this article.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2587 of 30 July 2014 – website, 11.08.2014

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2936 of 12 December 2014 – website, 24.12.2014

Organic Law of Georgia No. 6853 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.07.2020

Article 99. Reserve Fund of the Municipality's Budget1. In order to finance unforeseen payments in the municipality's budget, a reserve fund shall be established, the amount of which shall not exceed 2 percent of the total amount of appropriations provided for by the annual budget.🔗

2. Funds from the reserve fund of the municipality's budget shall be allocated, on the basis of a decision of the mayor of the municipality containing information on the amount and purpose of the funds, by the relevant structural unit of the Mayor's Office.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017

Article 100. Borrowing by a Municipality and Receiving a Grant 1. A municipality shall be entitled, with the permission of the Government of Georgia, within the scope of its authority and in its own name, for the purpose of making a capital investment, to take a loan/loan obligation from a legal entity in the manner and amount established by the legislation of Georgia.🔗

2. The total amount of loans taken by a municipality shall not exceed 10 percent of the average annual amount of the municipality's own revenues for the past 3 budget years, and in the case of a loan taken by Tbilisi, the amount of loan servicing (principal and interest) to be repaid annually from the total amount of the loan taken shall not exceed 5 percent of the own revenues of Tbilisi's annual budget. The use of property in the ownership of a municipality as a means of securing a claim shall be inadmissible.

3. A municipality shall be entitled to take a loan in an amount exceeding that determined by paragraph 2 of this article only from a state authority body and a legal entity of public law controlled by it.

4. The provision by a municipality of a surety or any other guarantee in favour of another person shall also require the permission of the Government of Georgia.

5. A municipality shall have the right, with the permission of the Government of Georgia, to receive a grant for the exercise of its own authority in the manner established by law. To obtain permission to receive a grant, the executive body of the municipality shall apply to the Government of Georgia with a request. The permission of the Government of Georgia shall not be required if:

a) the grant is received on the basis of an international treaty of Georgia ratified by the Parliament of Georgia;

b) the grant provider is a Ministry of Georgia or the relevant legal entity of public law provided for by the Law of Georgia "On Grants";

c) the grant recipient is Tbilisi.

6. The permission of the Government of Georgia shall be issued by an order of the Government of Georgia.

7. The executive body of the municipality shall, on behalf of the municipality and with the prior consent of the municipal council, in the manner and under the conditions established by this article, take the decisions provided for by paragraphs 1, 4 and 5 of this article and conclude the corresponding contract.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3977 of 8 July 2015 – website, 20.07.2015.

Article 101. Expenditures of the Municipal Budget 1. The expenditures of the municipal budget are the aggregate of monetary funds to be disbursed from the budget during the reporting period:🔗

a) expenses;

b) non-financial assets (funds directed to operations carried out with non-financial assets);

c) financial assets (funds directed to operations carried out with financial assets, except for the accumulation of balances);

d) liabilities (funds directed to the repayment of the principal part of liabilities).

2. The municipality shall allocate not less than 1 percent of the total amount of budget appropriations provided for labour remuneration to the professional development of civil servants.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4386 of 27 October 2015 – website, 11.11.2015

Organic Law of Georgia No. 165 of 21 December 2016 – website, 28.12.2016

Article 102. Independence in Determining the Directions of Expenditures The municipality shall independently determine the directions of the expenditures to be financed for the exercise of the powers provided for by this Law.🔗

Article 103. Compensation of Revenues The adoption by the supreme bodies of state authority of Georgia, as well as by the bodies of state authority of the Autonomous Republics of Abkhazia and Adjara, of a decision that, during the year of adoption of that decision, increases the amount of the expenditures of the municipal budget or reduces its revenues, shall be compensated accordingly from the state budget of Georgia or from the republican budget of the autonomous republic.🔗

Article 104. Scope of regulation of this Chapter 1. This Chapter determines the categories of municipal property, the procedure for its creation and property rights (except for natural resources, the use, possession and disposal of which are regulated by Georgian legislation), as well as the legal, economic and organisational grounds and basic conditions for the privatisation of municipal property and its transfer with the right of use.🔗

2. The operation of this Chapter shall not extend to:

a) goods/services acquired by purchase, if the purpose of the purchase was the subsequent distribution, allocation or other disposal of the acquired goods/services;

b) (removed - 09.02.2023, No. 2580);

c) the alienation and other disposal of usable parts and materials obtained as a result of the reconstruction, repair, dismantling or liquidation of a building/structure owned by a municipality and transferred for use to the state authorities of Georgia, the Autonomous Republics of Abkhazia and Adjara, a municipality or a legal entity of public law, which is carried out by that body or legal entity of public law for the purpose of fully or partially covering the costs of the reconstruction, repair, dismantling or liquidation of the said building/structure;

d) cases provided for by the relevant legal act of the Government of Georgia relating to the gratuitous transfer into ownership by the executive body of a municipality to lawful users of non-privatised residential and non-residential (isolated and non-isolated) space to be transferred to lawful users.

e) the management, disposal and transfer for use of municipal property within the framework of a public-private partnership project provided for by the Law of Georgia "On Public-Private Partnership".

3. The alienation and other disposal of usable parts and materials obtained as a result of the reconstruction, repair, dismantling or liquidation of a building/structure transferred for use to the state authorities of Georgia, the Autonomous Republics of Abkhazia and Adjara, a municipality or a legal entity of public law, for the purpose of fully or partially covering the costs of the reconstruction, repair, dismantling or liquidation of the said building/structure, shall be carried out by that body or legal entity of public law in accordance with the procedure and conditions established by the Government of Georgia.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3977 of 8 July 2015 – website, 20 July 2015.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2279 of 4 May 2018 – website, 24 May 2018.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2580 of 9 February 2023 – website, 27 February 2023.

Article 105. Definition of termsFor the purposes of this Law, the terms used herein have the following meaning:🔗

a) disposal − privatisation of municipal property, transfer with the right of use, transfer with the right of management, or gratuitous transfer into ownership/use to the State, to an autonomous republic, to a legal entity of private law of the respective municipality/municipalities, to a legal entity of public law founded by Tbilisi, in the cases determined by this Law and in accordance with the established procedure;

b) privatisation − transfer into ownership of municipal property to a natural and/or legal person in the form and in accordance with the procedure determined by this Law, except for the cases provided for by subparagraph „d.b1“ of Article 75 and by Articles 79, 1061 and 108 of this Law;

c) transfer with the right of use − transfer of municipal property with the right of use to a natural person, a legal entity of public and/or private law in accordance with the procedure established by this Law;

d) transfer with the right of management − transfer of shares and stocks existing in the ownership of the municipality to a natural and/or legal person in accordance with the procedure established by this Law;

e) initial disposal price − the initial price of privatisation of municipal property, transfer with the right of use or transfer with the right of management;

f) (deleted - 22.07.2015, No. 4087);

g) recognised stock exchange of a foreign country – a stock exchange included in the list of exchanges recognised by the National Bank of Georgia in accordance with the legislation of Georgia.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3977 of 8 July 2015 – website, 20.07.2015

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4087 of 22 July 2015 – website, 04.08.2015

Article 106. Municipal property 1. Municipal property is all things and intangible property benefits in the ownership of the municipality in accordance with the legislation of Georgia.🔗

2. Municipal property includes:

a) property assigned to the municipality by law;

b) property transferred into the ownership of the municipality by the State;

c) property transferred into the ownership of the respective municipality by the autonomous republic;

d) property created, acquired or registered by the municipality in accordance with the legislation of Georgia.

3. Municipal property is divided into two categories – main (inalienable) property and additional property.

4. Main (inalienable) property is the basis for the exercise of the municipality's powers. Main property may be used only for the performance of the municipality's public functions and for the exercise of its powers.

5. Additional property is property that is not part of the main (inalienable) property and that the municipality may use in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia.

6. The Government of Georgia shall approve, upon the submission of the Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development of Georgia, the list of types of main (inalienable) property to be transferred by the State to municipalities.

7. Alienation of the main (inalienable) property of a municipality shall be inadmissible, except for the case provided for by Article 121 of this Law. Alienation of additional property shall be permissible in accordance with the procedure established by this Law and other legislative and subordinate normative acts of Georgia.

Article 106¹. Legal Entity of Private Law of a Municipality/Municipalities 1. A municipality has the right, only within the scope of its own powers, in accordance with the legislation of Georgia, to establish a joint-stock company, a limited liability company, a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity. A municipality also has the right to become a partner/shareholder/member of a joint-stock company, a limited liability company, a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity. A municipality is a founder/partner/shareholder/member of a legal entity of private law.🔗

2. Municipalities have the right, for the purpose of joint activity, in accordance with this Law and other legislative and subordinate normative acts of Georgia, to jointly establish a joint-stock company, a limited liability company, a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity, or to become partners/shareholders/founders of a joint-stock company or a limited liability company established by other persons, including a municipality/municipalities, and members of a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity.

3. Paragraphs 7–13 and 15 of this Article shall apply only to an enterprise of a municipality/municipalities where the share participation of the municipality/municipalities exceeds 50%, as well as only to a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity established by a municipality/municipalities and to a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity whose member/members are only a municipality/municipalities, except for a legal entity provided for by Article 20 of this Law. Issues related to the property of another enterprise and another non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity of a municipality/municipalities shall be determined by the charter (statute) of the respective legal entity of private law. This Article shall not apply to a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity established in accordance with Article 20 of this Law. Issues related to the activities of the said legal entity shall be determined by its charter (statute).

4. A decision on the establishment, reorganization and liquidation of a legal entity of private law of a municipality/municipalities, on the acquisition of a share/shares of a joint-stock company or a limited liability company, or on becoming a member of a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity shall be adopted by the executive body of the municipality with the consent of the Municipal Council. The Municipal Council shall give consent to the expediency of adopting the decision referred to in this paragraph, which does not imply approval of the registration application and the documents attached thereto provided for by the legislation of Georgia.

5. The powers of a partner/shareholder of an enterprise of a municipality/municipalities shall be exercised by the respective executive body/executive bodies of the municipality/municipalities. The executive body of a municipality, as a partner/shareholder, shall be entitled to take a decision on making changes to the capital of an enterprise of the municipality/municipalities, including on the contribution of a share, shares and a monetary contribution, on the transfer of property to the enterprise of the municipality/municipalities for use/in ownership, to approve the charter (statute) of the respective legal entity, and to exercise other powers of a partner/shareholder provided by the legislation of Georgia. In an enterprise of a municipality where the share participation of the respective municipality does not exceed 50%, the respective executive body of the municipality shall participate, as a partner/shareholder, in the taking of the decision referred to in this paragraph. In this case, the decision shall be taken in accordance with the charter (statute) of the respective enterprise.

6. The powers of a founder/member of a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity of a municipality/municipalities shall be exercised by the respective executive body/executive bodies of the municipality/municipalities. The executive body of a municipality, as a founder/member, shall be entitled to take a decision on the transfer of financial resources and movable things to the non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity of the municipality/municipalities for use/in ownership, on the transfer of immovable things for use, to approve the charter (statute) of the respective legal entity, and to exercise other powers provided by the legislation of Georgia. In a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity of a municipality, one of whose founders/members is the respective municipality, the respective executive body of the municipality shall participate, as a founder/member, in the taking of the decision referred to in this paragraph. In this case, the decision shall be taken in accordance with the charter (statute) of the respective legal entity.

7. The alienation of fixed assets of a private law legal entity of a municipality/municipalities, except for the alienation of property in accordance with paragraph 11 of this article and property acquired/received in the cases provided for by paragraphs 2 and 3 of Article 104 and paragraph 2 of Article 118 of this Law, shall be effected in the form of a public or electronic auction.

8. The transfer of fixed assets of a private law legal entity of a municipality/municipalities with the right of use shall be effected in the form of an auction or by way of direct disposal. The transfer of fixed assets with the right of use by way of direct disposal may be for consideration or without consideration, conditionally or unconditionally.

9. The transfer of property of a private law legal entity of a municipality/municipalities without an auction, with the right of use and without consideration, shall be permissible for a term of not more than 2 years, except for the case provided for by paragraph 11 of this article.

10. The Municipal Sakrebulo shall approve by resolution, upon the submission of the Mayor of the municipality, taking into account the rules for the privatisation of municipal property, the transfer with the right of use and the right of management of property, the determination and settlement of the initial privatisation price upon privatisation of property, the rent price and the initial rent price upon transfer of property with the right of use, the rules for the alienation and transfer with the right of use of the fixed assets of a legal entity of private law of a municipality, the determination and settlement of the initial price of property, the rent price and the initial rent price upon transfer of property with the right of use.

11. The property of a legal entity of private law of a municipality/municipalities may be transferred without an auction, with the right of use, to the respective municipality, the State and the bodies of the autonomous republics, another municipality, a legal entity of public law (except a political party), a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity founded by the municipality/municipalities, an enterprise in which the municipality/municipalities hold(s) more than 50% of the share or shares, or a legal entity of private law founded by this legal entity of private law itself. The property of a legal entity of private law of a municipality/municipalities may be transferred without an auction, into ownership, to the respective municipality/municipalities. The decision on the transfer of the property of a legal entity of private law of a municipality/municipalities with the right of use in accordance with this paragraph shall be taken, in accordance with this Law and the charter (statute) of the respective legal entity, as the founder/partner/shareholder/member of the legal entity, by the executive body of the municipality.

12. The decision on the alienation or transfer with the right of use of the fixed assets of a legal entity of private law of a municipality/municipalities shall be taken, in accordance with this Law and the charter (statute) of the respective legal entity, as the founder/partner/shareholder/member of the legal entity, by the executive body of the municipality. Upon the alienation of the property of a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity of a municipality/municipalities, the requirement of Article 36 of the Civil Code of Georgia shall be observed, except for the case provided for by paragraph 11 of this Law.

13. The decision on the appointment/dismissal of a person authorised to manage/represent a legal entity of private law of a municipality/municipalities shall be taken, in accordance with the charter (statute) of the respective legal entity, as the founder/partner/shareholder/member of the legal entity of private law, by the executive body of the municipality.

14. The Municipal Sakrebulo is entitled, upon the submission of the executive body of the municipality, in accordance with this Law and other legislative and subordinate legislative acts of Georgia, to regulate other matters related to the management of the property of a legal entity of private law of a municipality which require regulation by a normative act.

15. The Sakrebulo of the municipality is entitled to provide in the rules of procedure of the Sakrebulo of the municipality for the procedure for submitting the report on the activities carried out by the person authorised to head a legal entity of private law of the municipality.

16. Other matters related to the management, financing and control of the property of the legal entity of private law of the municipality provided for by paragraph 2 of this article, and to the appointment of its heads, including the procedure for decision-making by the founders/partners/shareholders/members, which are not governed by this Law, shall be regulated by an agreement (charter (statute)) of the founders/partners/shareholders/members.

17. The powers of the executive body of Tbilisi defined by this article, except for the cases provided for by paragraphs 4 and 13 of this article, may also be exercised by the relevant legal entity of public law of Tbilisi in the case and in the manner prescribed by the charter (statute) of that legal entity of public law.

18. The procedure for the dissolution of an enterprise, more than 50% of the shares or interest of which is/are held by a municipality/municipalities, shall be approved by a Resolution of the Government of Georgia.

Organic Law of Georgia of 22 July 2015 No. 4087 – website, 04.08.2015.

Organic Law of Georgia of 16 December 2016 No. 100 – website, 23.12.2016.

Organic Law of Georgia of 26 July 2017 No. 1251 – website, 29.07.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia of 2 August 2021 No. 900 – website, 04.08.2021.

Article 107. Property assigned to a municipality by this Law 1. The following property located on the territory of a municipality is assigned to the municipality by this Law:🔗

a) local roads and their parts, streets, underpasses and overpasses, sidewalks, traffic lights, outdoor lighting structures, squares, public gardens, boulevards, fountains, parks, green plantings and shore-protection structures;

b) non-agricultural land, except:

b.a) land in private ownership;

b.b) land attached to state property and land attached to property existing with the state's share participation;

b.c) land subject to attachment, in accordance with the procedure established by Georgian legislation, to the property defined by subparagraph „b.b“ of this paragraph (state property and property existing with the state's share participation);

c) land attached to objects in municipal ownership, including objects defined by subparagraph „a“ of this paragraph;

d) forest and water resources of local significance;

e) agricultural land, except for the cases provided for by paragraph 2 of this Article.

2. The following agricultural land shall not be considered municipal property:

a) agricultural land in private ownership and registered as state property, including pastures;

b) unregistered agricultural land in respect of which an application for registration as state property has been submitted in accordance with the procedure defined by paragraph 3 of this Article, except for the case provided for by paragraph 4 of this Article;

c) unregistered agricultural land located on the territory of a municipality;

d) livestock driving routes;

e) agricultural land located within a 500-metre border strip;

f) lands of state reserves, natural monuments, national parks and sanctuaries;

g) lands designated for monuments of history, culture, nature and cult-religious monuments of state significance;

h) state forest land;

i) lands transferred in the form of usufruct, with the right of use, to institutions financed from the budgets of Georgia and the Autonomous Republic and to legal entities of public law;

j) land of the state water fund.

[ j) Land of the State Water Fund of Georgia. (shall enter into force from 1 September 2026)]

3. Unless otherwise provided by law, a municipality's right of ownership to an unregistered agricultural land plot located on its territory arises on the basis of an application to the relevant registration body in accordance with the established procedure and registration, which does not deprive the state of the right to register the unregistered agricultural land plot as state property.

4. In the event of simultaneous application by the State and a municipality to the relevant registering authority with an application for registration of the same land plot or part thereof, the earlier registered application shall be satisfied, and in the case of application on the same day − the application of the municipality.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 5160 of 3 June 2016 – website, 17.06.2016.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 5970 of 22 May 2020 – website, 28.05.2020.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3439 of 30 June 2023 – website, 20.07.2023.

Article 108. Free transfer of property in the ownership of a municipality to the State and/or the Autonomous Republic into ownership1. Property in the ownership of a municipality, including a non-agricultural land plot, an agricultural land plot (with or without buildings and structures), as well as shares/stocks (except the main (inalienable) property necessary for the exercise of the municipality's own powers) shall be transferred free of charge into the ownership of the State on the basis of a substantiated application of the property manager determined by the Law of Georgia "On State Property", and to the Autonomous Republic – on the basis of an application of the Government of the Autonomous Republic, by a decision of the municipal council, and in the case of Tbilisi – by a decision of the Tbilisi Government.🔗

2. A substantiated – positive or negative – decision on the request provided for by paragraph 1 of this Article shall be taken by the municipal council, and in the case of Tbilisi – by the Government. The relevant response shall be communicated in writing to the applicant no later than 45 days from its submission. If the authorised body has not taken a decision within 45 days from the submission of the request, the requested property shall be deemed to be property transferred into the ownership of the State and/or the Autonomous Republic and shall be registered as the property of the State and/or the Autonomous Republic.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3977 of 8 July 2015 – website, 20.07.2015.

Article 109. Right of ownership over municipal property1. A municipality shall be independent in the exercise of the right of ownership over property.🔗

2. In the exercise of property rights, municipal bodies shall be obliged to protect the lawful interests of the municipality as an owner.

Article 110. Basic principles of the exercise of property rights by a municipality1. Municipal bodies shall exercise property rights on behalf of the municipality.🔗

2. Municipal property may be located both within the territory of the municipality and outside its boundaries.

3. Municipal bodies shall exercise property rights over property in the ownership of the municipality taking into account the interests of the population, in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia.

Article 111. Sources of creation of municipal property Municipal property is created:🔗

a) by transfer of property in state ownership;

b) by funds allocated from its own budget;

c) as a result of those events to which the legislation of Georgia attaches the occurrence of civil-law consequences;

d) by creation, acquisition of property in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia, as well as by receiving property and/or performed work free of charge.

Organic Law of Georgia of 8 July 2015 No. 3977 – website, 20.07.2015.

Article 112. Transfer of property in state ownership to a municipality into ownership The property necessary for the exercise by the municipality of its own powers determined by this Law shall be transferred by the state free of charge into the ownership of the municipality in accordance with the procedure established by Article 113 of this Law.🔗

Article 113. Free-of-charge transfer of property in state ownership to a municipality into ownership 1. Property in state ownership shall be transferred into the ownership of a municipality by the manager of the property, on the basis of a substantiated request of the mayor of the municipality.🔗

2. The manager of the property shall adopt a substantiated decision on the request submitted by the body referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article and shall notify the submitter of the request in writing of the response within 45 days from its submission. The decision of the manager of the property on the transfer of main (non-distributable) immovable property shall be submitted to the Government of Georgia for approval within 10 days from its adoption. If the Government of Georgia does not adopt a decision within 45 days, the requested property shall be considered as property transferred into the ownership of the submitter of the request.

3. If the property is used by more than one municipality, it shall be transferred into the ownership of the municipality on whose territory this property is located. The rules for the use and maintenance of such property shall be determined by a contract signed by the municipalities that use this property.

Organic Law of Georgia of 26 July 2017 No. 1251 - website, 29.07.2017.

Article 114. Registration of property transferred by the state to a municipality into ownership 1. Property transferred by the state to a municipality into ownership shall be registered in the public registry on the basis of an individual administrative-legal act of the manager of the property, in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia, within 60 days from the completion of the procedures determined by Article 113 of this Law.🔗

2. Registration data of property registered in the public registry, changes and corrections of registration data shall be public and shall be published in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia.

Article 115. Privatisation of municipal property and transfer with the right of use1. The rules for the privatisation of municipal property, for its transfer with the rights of use and management, the rules for determining the privatisation fee and the initial privatisation fee in the case of privatisation of property, the rent fee and the initial rent fee in the case of transfer of property with the right of use, as well as the rules for settlement shall be established by the Government of Georgia in accordance with this Law.🔗

2. In the case of privatisation of Tbilisi property in the form of a conditional auction, in the cases provided for by a resolution of the Government of Georgia, the initial privatisation fee for such property may be set at a price lower than the market value by a decision of the Tbilisi Government adopted on the basis of the consent of the Tbilisi City Council.

3. The rules established by paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article shall not apply to cases of privatisation of shares or of shares represented by certificates, directly or through an intermediary, by public or private offering, on a recognised foreign stock exchange or in any other form of offering consistent with the practice existing at the given time on international capital markets.

4. The operation of this Chapter shall not apply to the management, disposal and transfer for use of municipal property within the framework of a public-private partnership project provided for by the Law of Georgia “On Public-Private Partnership”.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3977 of 8 July 2015 – website, 20.07.2015

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4310 of 18 September 2015 – website, 24.09.2015

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2279 of 4 May 2018 – website, 24.05.2018

Article 116. Representative of a municipality in the disposal of property1. In the case of privatisation, transfer with the right of management or use, or other disposal of municipal property, the municipality may act through its representative (attorney).🔗

2. In the case of privatisation, transfer with the right of management or use, or other disposal of Tbilisi property, as well as in the case of monitoring the performance of the relevant contractual obligations, the Government may act through its representative (attorney) or, for this purpose, through a legal entity of public law founded by Tbilisi.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3977 of 8 July 2015 – website, 20.07.2015

Article 117. Acquirer of municipal property1. In the case of privatisation of municipal property (except for the privatisation of an agricultural land plot owned by a municipality), the acquirer of the property may be a natural or legal person or an association of such persons in whose property the share of participation of a municipality or of a body of state authority of Georgia is less than 25 per cent.🔗

2. The acquirer of an agricultural land plot owned by a municipality may be a person determined by law.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3977 of 8 July 2015 – website, 20.07.2015

Article 118. Forms of privatisation of municipal property1. Privatisation of municipal property shall be carried out in the form of a public or electronic auction, while the privatisation of Tbilisi property – also in the form of direct disposal on the basis of direct disposal, exchange or competitive selection, except for the cases provided for by paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Article.🔗

2. Upon the occurrence of an insured event, in the case provided for by the insurance contract, the person enjoying a movable thing held in the ownership of the municipality shall transfer it into the ownership of the insurer in exchange for the insurer's compensation of the value of that thing or the transfer of an identical, undamaged thing in place of the damaged thing, under the conditions determined by the insurance contract.

3. In accordance with the Code of Administrative Offences of Georgia, the disposal of movable property created by confiscation shall be carried out in the manner established by the Municipal Council.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3977 of 8 July 2015 – website, 20.07.2015.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 6853 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.07.2020.

Article 118¹. Rules for the privatization of Tbilisi property1. A decision on privatization of Tbilisi property on the basis of direct disposal or competitive selection, in the form of direct disposal, shall be taken by the Government with the consent of the Tbilisi City Council (Sakrebulo), in accordance with this Law and the procedure established by the Tbilisi City Council.🔗

2. Privatization of Tbilisi property on the basis of direct disposal or competitive selection, in the form of direct disposal, may be for consideration, conditionally or unconditionally.

3. A decision on privatization of immovable property, shares and interests of Tbilisi on the basis of direct disposal and/or competitive selection, in the form of direct disposal, shall be taken, and the terms of the contract shall be determined, by the Government with the consent of the Tbilisi City Council. Privatization of immovable property, shares and interests of Tbilisi on the basis of direct disposal and/or competitive selection, in the form of direct disposal, shall be carried out through a representative (authorized person) determined by the Government or through a legal entity of public law established by Tbilisi for this purpose, which, within 3 months from the granting of consent by the Tbilisi City Council, concludes a contract on behalf of the Government.

4. A decision on privatization of movable property of Tbilisi on the basis of direct disposal and/or competitive selection, in the form of direct disposal, shall be taken, and the terms of the contract shall be determined, by the Government with the consent of the Tbilisi City Council. On the basis of the consent of the Tbilisi City Council, the contract on behalf of the Government shall be concluded by a representative (authorized person) determined by the Government or by a legal entity of public law established by Tbilisi for this purpose.

5. The Government is entitled, with the consent of the Tbilisi City Council, to transfer Tbilisi property into the ownership of a natural person and/or a legal entity of private law in exchange for the transfer of other property into the ownership of Tbilisi (exchange). A decision on this matter shall be taken by the Government with the consent of the Tbilisi City Council. The transfer (exchange) of Tbilisi property in exchange for the transfer of other property into the ownership of Tbilisi shall be carried out through a representative (authorized person) determined by the Government or through a legal entity of public law established by Tbilisi for this purpose, which, within 3 months from the granting of consent by the Tbilisi City Council, concludes a contract on behalf of the Government.

6. The transfer of Tbilisi property into ownership in the form of an auction shall be carried out through a representative (authorized person) determined by the Government or through a legal entity of public law established by Tbilisi for this purpose, which transfers Tbilisi property into ownership on behalf of the Government.

7. Privatization of Tbilisi property in the form of a public or electronic auction shall be carried out in accordance with the procedure established by Article 119 of this Law.

8. The acquirer of Tbilisi property shall not have the right, without the consent of the representative (authorized person) determined by the Government or of the legal entity of public law established by Tbilisi for this purpose, to encumber the acquired property with a mortgage or pledge in order to fulfil privatization obligations.

9. The rules established by Article 120 of this Law shall apply to the privatization of Tbilisi property.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3977 of 8 July 2015 – website, 20.07.2015.

Article 118². Special conditions for the privatisation of immovable property in municipal ownership 1. Where a privatisation condition of immovable property in municipal ownership is the existence of an investment obligation, when privatising such property in the form of direct disposal, the buyer shall, from the granting of the consent of the Tbilisi Sakrebulo until the conclusion of the contract, and in the case of an auction – within 1 month from the holding of the auction, submit an unconditional and irrevocable bank guarantee in the amount of not less than 10 per cent of the investment obligation, the validity period of which shall exceed the period for the performance of the investment obligation by not less than 4 months. A decision on the reduction of the amount of the unconditional and irrevocable bank guarantee specified in this paragraph shall be taken, with the consent of the municipal Sakrebulo, by the executive body of the municipality, and in the case of Tbilisi – by the Government.🔗

2. The unconditional and irrevocable bank guarantee shall, during its validity period, secure the satisfaction of a claim for the penalty imposed as a result of the non-performance of the obligations to be performed by the buyer.

3. In the event of a reduction of the amount of the unconditional and irrevocable bank guarantee, the buyer shall, within 1 month, replenish it to the full amount.

4. Where the administrator of immovable property in municipal ownership terminates the contract as a result of the non-performance of the obligations to be performed by the buyer, the amount of the unconditional and irrevocable bank guarantee shall be transferred in full to the relevant budget.

5. Where the relevant contract concluded for the purpose of the privatisation of immovable property in municipal ownership is unilaterally terminated owing to a breach of the privatisation conditions provided for by that contract, the privatised property shall return to the ownership of the municipality, and the mortgage right (rights) of a third person (persons) registered over that property shall be extinguished, if, before the encumbrance of the said property with a mortgage, the relevant information reflecting the privatisation obligation(s) was registered in the public register in the record on the immovable thing. At the same time, the municipality shall not compensate the buyer for the amounts paid and the expenses incurred.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3977 of 8 July 2015 – website, 20.07.2015.

Article 119. Announcement and organization of auction1. Information on the privatization of municipal property through a public auction in the case of Tbilisi shall be published on the website of the entity conducting the auction − the auctioneer, in a local or other print information publication and on the website www.eauction.ge, while in the case of another municipality – in a local or other print information publication and on the website www.eauction.ge.🔗

2. Disposal of municipal property may be carried out through an electronic auction. Information on the privatization of municipal property through an electronic auction shall be published and trading shall be conducted on the website www.eauction.ge.

2¹. Information on the privatization of Tbilisi property through an electronic auction shall be published on the auctioneer's website and on the website www.eauction.ge, while trading shall be conducted on the auctioneer's website and/or on the website www.eauction.ge.

3. The purpose of the disposal of municipal property through an auction is to grant the right of ownership/use to the person participating in the auction who, in the course of trading, offers the highest price to the entity disposing of the municipal property, and if the auction is announced with conditions – to grant the right of ownership/use to the person participating in the auction who undertakes the obligation to satisfy the announced conditions and, in the course of trading, offers the highest price to the entity disposing of the municipal property.

4. To participate in the auction, an interested person shall submit an unconditional and irrevocable bank guarantee in the amount predetermined by the authorized body or pay a bid deposit. The freezing of funds in the interested person's bank account shall be equated to payment of the bid deposit; such funds shall be transferred to the auctioneer immediately upon the auction participant's victory in the auction or in the event of violation of the auction rules and conditions established by this Law.

5. A person wishing to participate in the auction shall submit an application to the auctioneer. By submitting the application, the applicant confirms that he/she has reviewed and agrees to the auction rules and conditions. The application shall indicate information about the auction participant, the name of the municipal property, the lot number, the price and other information.

6. The auction results shall be annulled if the winner of the auction:

a) did not pay the price within the period determined by this Law;

b) refused to sign the purchase agreement.

7. In the cases provided for by paragraph 6 of this Article, the amount of the unconditional and irrevocable bank guarantee submitted by the winner of the auction shall be credited in full to the relevant account, while the amount of the paid bid deposit shall not be returned to the auction participant.

8. Except for the case provided for by paragraph 7 of this Article, the amount of the unconditional and irrevocable bank guarantee/bid deposit shall also be credited in full to the relevant budget if the auction participant has violated the auction rules and/or conditions determined by a normative act.

9. If the authorized body has cancelled the decision taken on the disposal of property, the amount of the paid bid deposit shall be returned to the auction participant.

10. If the disposal of municipal property offered by way of auction does not take place, a decision on disposal by way of auction of this property with a changed starting price and/or conditions shall be considered a repeat auction. At a repeat auction the starting price of the property may be reduced by up to 50 per cent, and if the property is not sold after being offered at that price, the price may be reduced further.

11. If the disposal of municipal property offered by way of auction does not take place, the subject managing the property shall be entitled to take a decision on disposal of this property on the same conditions by way of an extended auction.

Organic Law of Georgia No 3977 of 8 July 2015 – website, 20.07.2015

Article 120. Execution of a transaction on the privatisation of municipal property and invalidity of the transaction 1. When municipal property is privatised by way of auction, the record confirming the winning of the auction is a promise of an administrative body.🔗

2. The record confirming the winning of the auction contains the main conditions of the privatisation of the municipal property and the rights and obligations of the parties. A purchase agreement shall be concluded on the basis of this record.

3. After payment of the full value of the acquired municipal property and/or fulfilment of the auction conditions, the acquirer of the property shall be issued a certificate confirming ownership.

4. The limitation period for an action in a disputed matter related to privatised municipal property is 3 years.

5. The question of the invalidity of a transaction on the privatisation of municipal property shall be resolved in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia.

6. In the case of conditional transfer of municipal property into ownership, when, due to non-fulfilment of a secured claim, the encumbered property passes into the ownership of the holder of the right to claim the encumbered property, or in the case of sale in accordance with the procedure established by the Law of Georgia on Enforcement Proceedings or the Civil Code of Georgia (regardless of the form of sale), the privatisation obligations owed by the acquirer of the property to the municipality and the rights and obligations arising from the relevant contract shall pass in full to the new and each subsequent owner, if, before the encumbrance of this property, the relevant information reflecting the privatisation obligation(s) is registered in the record on the property in the relevant body registering claims and rights.

7. In the case of unilateral termination of the relevant contract concluded for the purpose of privatisation of municipal property due to violation of the privatisation conditions provided for by the contract, the privatised property shall return to the ownership of the municipality, and the right(s) of a third person (persons) registered on this property shall be extinguished, if, before the encumbrance of the said property, the relevant information reflecting the privatisation obligation(s) is registered in the record on claims and rights in the public registry. At the same time, the municipality shall not reimburse the acquirer of the property for the amounts paid and expenses incurred.

Organic Law of Georgia No 3977 of 8 July 2015 – website, 20.07.2015

Article 121. Rule for the alienation of the basic (inalienable) property of a municipality 1. The alienation of the basic (inalienable) property of a municipality may be effected with the consent of the Municipal Council only if this property has lost its functional purpose.🔗

2. The Mayor of the municipality shall submit to the relevant Municipal Council a reasoned proposal on the alienation of the basic (inalienable) property of the municipality, together with all necessary documents.

3. The Municipal Council shall adopt an order on granting consent to the Mayor of the municipality for the alienation of the basic (inalienable) property of the municipality by not less than two-thirds of its nominal composition.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 6853 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.07.2020.

Article 122. Forms and procedure of transfer of municipal property by right of use1. When transferring municipal property by right of use, the following forms provided for by the Civil Code of Georgia may be applied:🔗

a) superficies;

b) usufruct;

c) lease;

d) tenancy;

e) loan for use;

f) other forms of use provided for by the Civil Code of Georgia.

1¹. This Article, except for paragraph 1 of this Article, shall not apply to Tbilisi.

2. A contract on the transfer of municipal property by right of use shall be concluded between the executive body of the municipality and the interested person.

3. The decision (individual administrative-legal act) of the executive body of the municipality on the transfer of municipal property by right of use shall be equated to the contract provided for by paragraph 2 of this Article upon the interested person's becoming acquainted with it.

4. The transfer of municipal property by right of use shall be effected in the form of an auction or by way of direct disposal. The decision on the transfer of municipal property by right of use in the form of an auction shall be taken by the executive body of the municipality, while the decision on the transfer of municipal property by right of use free of charge by way of direct disposal shall be taken by the executive body of the municipality with the consent of the municipal council, except for the case provided for by paragraph 6 of this Article.

5. The transfer of municipal property by right of use by way of direct disposal may be for consideration or free of charge, with or without conditions. The transfer of municipal property by right of use free of charge shall be permissible for a period of not more than 2 years, except for the case provided for by paragraph 6 of this Article.

6. The executive body of the municipality shall be entitled, without an auction, to transfer municipal property in the forms of gratuitous superficies, gratuitous usufruct and loan for use to the State and to bodies of the autonomous republics, to another municipality, to a legal entity of public law (except for a political party), to a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity founded by a municipality/municipalities, to an enterprise in which a municipality/municipalities hold(s) more than 50% of the share or shares, or to a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity founded by a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity founded only by a municipality/municipalities.

7. A user of municipal property who does not have a document confirming the right to lawfully use this property and who uses the property for entrepreneurial activity (for commercial purposes) shall be obliged, upon the written request of the owner of the property or his representative (authorized person), to pay into the municipal budget a fee for the transfer of the property for use, in accordance with the market value of the property in the relevant period (on the basis of an expert/audit conclusion), for the entire period of use of the property from the moment of registration of the municipality's ownership right in the public registry. The measures provided for by the legislation of Georgia shall be applied to the said property.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3977 of 8 July 2015 – website, 20.07.2015.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4087 of 22 July 2015 – website, 04.08.2015.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 6853 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.07.2020.

Article 122¹. Forms and procedure for the transfer of Tbilisi property by right of use1. When transferring Tbilisi property by right of use, the forms of use provided for by paragraph 1 of Article 122 of this Law shall apply.🔗

2. The transfer of Tbilisi property by right of use shall be effected in the form of a public or electronic auction or by way of direct disposal.

3. The transfer of Tbilisi property by right of use in the form of an auction shall be effected through a representative (authorised person) designated by the Government or through a legal entity of public law established by Tbilisi for this purpose, which transfers the Tbilisi property into use on behalf of the Government.

4. A decision on the transfer of Tbilisi property by right of use by way of direct disposal to a legal entity of public law established by Tbilisi, to an enterprise operating with 100 per cent share participation of Tbilisi and/or to a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity of private law established by Tbilisi shall be taken by a representative (authorised person) designated by the Government or by a legal entity of public law established by Tbilisi for this purpose, which transfers the Tbilisi property into use on behalf of the Government.

5. A decision on the transfer of Tbilisi property by right of use by way of direct disposal to state and autonomous republic bodies, to another municipality, to a legal entity of public law (except a political party), to a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity established by the state and to an enterprise operating with 100 per cent share participation of the state, as well as to an enterprise of Tbilisi in which Tbilisi's share participation is less than 100 per cent, shall be taken, with the consent of the Government, by a representative (authorised person) designated by the Government or by a legal entity of public law established by Tbilisi for this purpose, which transfers the Tbilisi property into use on behalf of the Government.

6. A decision on the transfer of Tbilisi property by right of use by way of direct disposal to a natural person and a legal entity (except the legal entities provided for by paragraphs 4 and 5 of this Article) shall be taken by the Government with the consent of the Tbilisi Sakrebulo. On the basis of the consent of the Tbilisi Sakrebulo, a representative (authorised person) designated by the Government or a legal entity of public law established by Tbilisi for this purpose shall transfer the Tbilisi property into use on behalf of the Government.

7. A decision of the Government on the transfer of Tbilisi property by right of use (an individual administrative-legal act) shall be equated to a contract upon the interested person's becoming acquainted with it.

8. The transfer of Tbilisi property by right of use by way of direct disposal may be for consideration or free of charge, conditionally or unconditionally. The transfer of Tbilisi property by right of use free of charge shall be permissible for a period of not more than 2 years, except for the cases provided for by paragraph 9 of this Article.

9. In accordance with the procedure established by paragraphs 1 and 4–7 of this article, Tbilisi's property may, in the form of gratuitous construction, gratuitous usufruct or loan for use, by way of direct disposal, be transferred with the right of use to state and autonomous republic bodies, a legal entity of public law (except a political party), a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity founded by a municipality, and an enterprise operating with 100 per cent share participation of a municipality, as well as to a natural person and/or a legal entity of private law, subject to investment in the property and/or incurring expenses.

10. A user of Tbilisi's property who does not have a document confirming the right to lawfully use this property and who uses the property for entrepreneurial activity (for commercial purposes) shall, upon the written demand of the representative (authorised person) of the owner of the property or of a legal entity of public law founded by Tbilisi for this purpose, pay into the budget of Tbilisi the fee for the transfer of the property for use, in accordance with the market value of the property in the relevant period (on the basis of an expert/audit opinion), for the entire period of use of the property from the moment of registration of Tbilisi's ownership right in the public registry. The measures provided for by the legislation of Georgia shall be applied in respect of the said property.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3977 of 8 July 2015 – website, 20.07.2015.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4310 of 18 September 2015 – website, 24.09.2015.

Article 123. Transfer of property with the right of use for the exercise of authority delegated to a municipality1. The state shall transfer to a municipality for use the property necessary for the exercise of the authority delegated to it. The determination of the relevant property to be transferred with the right of use and the granting of the right of use shall be carried out in accordance with this Law and the contract on delegated authority.🔗

2. Property transferred for the exercise of authority delegated to a municipality shall remain in state ownership.

3. The conditions of use of the property transferred to a municipality shall be determined by the contract on the transfer of property with the right of use.

Article 124. Intangible property assets in the ownership of a municipalityIntangible property assets in the ownership of a municipality include shares and stocks, as well as all claims and rights that may be transferred to another person or are intended to create material benefit for their holder and/or grant the right to demand something from another person.🔗

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4087 of 22 July 2015 – website, 04.08.2015.

Article 125. Forms of disposal of shares and stocksThe forms of disposal of shares and stocks are:🔗

a) privatisation of shares and stocks;

b) transfer of shares and stocks with the right of management.

Article 126. Types of auction of shares and stocksThe auction of shares and stocks is of 2 types: conditional and unconditional.🔗

Article 126¹. Rule of privatization1. Privatization of shares or stocks held in the ownership of Tbilisi, or of stocks represented by certificates, directly or through an intermediary, by public or private offering, on a recognised stock exchange of a foreign country, or in another form of offering consistent with the practice existing at the given time on international capital markets, shall be carried out by the Government with the consent of the Tbilisi City Council.🔗

2. The Government shall determine the favourable time for the offering of shares or stocks held in the ownership of Tbilisi, or of stocks represented by certificates, directly or through an intermediary, by public or private offering, on a recognised stock exchange of a foreign country, or in another form consistent with the practice existing at the given time on international capital markets, and shall develop drafts of the relevant documents, and shall also carry out other measures provided for by the legislation of Georgia.

3. The Government's reasoned proposal, which sets out the general conditions for the privatization of shares or stocks held in the ownership of Tbilisi, or of stocks represented by certificates, including the form of privatization, the time limit and other material conditions, shall be submitted, together with the developed drafts of documents, to the Tbilisi City Council for obtaining consent.

4. The Government, on the basis of the consent of the Tbilisi City Council, shall take a decision on the privatization of shares or stocks held in the ownership of Tbilisi, or of stocks represented by certificates, directly or through an intermediary, by public or private offering, on a recognised stock exchange of a foreign country, or in another form of offering consistent with the practice existing at the given time on international capital markets.

5. When taking the decision provided for by paragraph 1 of this Article, the Government shall establish the specific conditions of privatization, including:

a) the quantitative or percentage indicator of the shares or stocks subject to privatization, or the maximum and/or minimum limit (limits) of this indicator;

b) the privatization price of the shares or stocks or of the stocks represented by certificates (in the case of a public offering − the initial privatization price) and the procedure and conditions of settlement;

c) in accordance with the schedule, the main dates required for the completion of the privatization process, the time limit for concluding the relevant contracts, other conditions for acquiring the right of ownership over the shares or stocks or the stocks represented by certificates, in accordance with which the Government shall carry out the offering of the shares or stocks or of the stocks represented by certificates directly or through an intermediary, by public or private offering, on a recognised stock exchange of a foreign country, or in another form of offering consistent with the practice existing at the given time on international capital markets, and the appropriate actions related thereto.

6. When the Government adopts a decision on the privatization of shares represented by certificates, any restriction or obligation related to voting rights or other rights in respect of shares represented by certificates may be established by a Government ordinance (including the obligation to notify the company in advance on matters determined by a Government ordinance).

7. In the case of privatization of shares or stocks, or shares represented by certificates, owned by Tbilisi, directly or through an intermediary, by public or private offering, on a recognized stock exchange of a foreign country, or in another form of offering consistent with the practice existing at the given time on international capital markets, the relevant contract (contracts) shall be concluded by the body carrying out the privatization, the privatization fee shall be paid, and the ownership right to the acquired shares or stocks or shares represented by certificates shall be transferred to the buyer in accordance with the procedure established by a Government ordinance and within the established time limit.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3977 of 8 July 2015 – website, 20.07.2015.

Article 127. Transfer with the right of management of shares and stocks in the ownership of a municipality1. The transfer with the right of management of shares and stocks in the ownership of a municipality shall be effected in the form of an auction, and in the case of Tbilisi – in the form of an auction, on the basis of direct disposal or competitive selection, in the form of direct disposal.🔗

2. The transfer with the right of management, in the form of an auction, of shares and stocks in the ownership of Tbilisi shall be effected through a representative (authorised person) designated by the Government or through a legal entity of public law founded by Tbilisi for this purpose, which, on behalf of the Government, transfers the shares and stocks with the right of management in the form of an auction.

3. The decision on the transfer with the right of management, in the form of direct disposal, of shares and stocks in the ownership of Tbilisi to a legal entity of public law founded by Tbilisi, to an enterprise operating with 100 per cent share participation of Tbilisi and/or to a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity of private law founded by Tbilisi shall be adopted by the representative (authorised person) designated by the Government or by a legal entity of public law founded by Tbilisi for this purpose, which, on behalf of the Government, transfers the shares and stocks with the right of management in the form of direct disposal.

4. The decision on the transfer with the right of management, in the form of direct disposal, of shares and stocks in the ownership of Tbilisi to the state and to the bodies of the autonomous republics, to another municipality, to a legal entity of public law (except a political party), to a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity founded by the state and/or to an enterprise operating with 100 per cent share participation of the state, as well as to that enterprise of Tbilisi in which the share participation of Tbilisi is less than 100 per cent, shall be adopted, with the consent of the Government, by the representative (authorised person) designated by the Government or by a legal entity of public law founded by Tbilisi for this purpose, which, on behalf of the Government, transfers the shares and stocks with the right of management.

5. The decision on the transfer with the right of management, in the form of direct disposal, of shares and stocks in the ownership of Tbilisi to a natural person and a legal entity (except the legal entities provided for by paragraphs 3 and 4 of this Article) shall be adopted by the Government and sent to the Tbilisi City Council for agreement. On the basis of the consent of the Tbilisi City Council, the representative (authorised person) designated by the Government or a legal entity of public law founded by Tbilisi for this purpose shall, on behalf of the Government, transfer the shares and stocks with the right of management.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3977 of 8 July 2015 – website, 20.07.2015.

Article 127¹. Disposal of claims and rights in municipal ownership1. Privatization of claims and rights in municipal ownership shall be carried out in the form of an auction, and in the case of Tbilisi – in the form of an auction, direct sale or, on the basis of competitive selection, in the form of direct sale.🔗

2. Privatization of claims and rights in Tbilisi's ownership in the form of direct sale or, on the basis of competitive selection, in the form of direct sale shall be carried out in accordance with the procedure established by paragraph 3 of Article 118¹ of this Law.

3. In the privatization of claims and rights in Tbilisi's ownership, the special conditions provided for by Article 118² of this Law shall apply.

4. In the privatization of claims and rights in Tbilisi's ownership in the form of an auction, the representative (authorized person) of the municipality or a legal entity of public law established by Tbilisi for this purpose shall be entitled to issue confirmation of victory in the auction in written and/or electronic form.

5. In the conditional transfer into ownership of claims and rights in municipal ownership, the acquirer of the property shall not have the right, without the consent of the executive body of the municipality and/or the representative (authorized person) of the municipality, and in the case of Tbilisi – the representative (authorized person) of Tbilisi or a legal entity of public law established by Tbilisi for this purpose, to encumber the acquired claims and rights with a mortgage for the purpose of fulfilling privatization obligations.

6. Paragraphs 6 and 7 of Article 120 of this Law shall apply to the conditional transfer into ownership of claims and rights in municipal ownership, taking into account its peculiarities.

Law of Georgia of 8 July 2015 No. 3977 – website, 20.07.2015.

Article 127². Change or cancellation of a condition (conditions) related to this property, for the acquirer of privatized Tbilisi property, for the recipient of Tbilisi property transferred with the right of use or transferred with the right of management1. The acquirer of Tbilisi property, the recipient with the right of use or the recipient with the right of management shall be entitled to apply to the Government with a reasoned request for the change or cancellation of the condition (conditions) of privatization, transfer for use or transfer with the right of management.🔗

2. The Government shall consider the submitted application and, taking into account public and private interests, in the case of reasoned necessity, shall submit to the Tbilisi City Council (Sakrebulo), for a decision, a proposal on the change or cancellation of a condition (conditions) related to privatized Tbilisi property, property transferred with the right of use or transferred with the right of management (except for a financial and investment condition (conditions)).

3. The Government shall submit to the Tbilisi City Council (Sakrebulo), for a decision, a proposal on the change or cancellation of an investment condition and/or the change of a financial condition related to Tbilisi property privatized in the form of direct disposal, transferred with the right of use or transferred with the right of management.

Law of Georgia of 8 July 2015 No. 3977 – website, 20.07.2015.

Article 128. Funds received as a result of the disposal of municipal property Funds received as a result of the disposal of municipal property shall be directed in full by the authorised body to the budget of the respective municipality.🔗

Article 129. Concept and types of state supervision 1. State supervision is an activity carried out by executive authority bodies, the purpose of which is to ensure the lawfulness of the activities of municipal bodies and the proper exercise of delegated authority.🔗

2. The types of state supervision are: legal supervision and sectoral supervision.

3. Legal supervision shall be carried out in order to ensure the compliance of normative administrative-legal acts of the municipal council with the legislation of Georgia.

4. Sectoral supervision ensures the lawful and proper exercise by a municipality of the authority delegated to it.

Article 130. Bodies of legal supervision and sectoral supervision 1. Legal supervision of the activities of municipal bodies shall be carried out by the Prime Minister of Georgia.🔗

2. The body of sectoral supervision of the exercise by a municipality of the authority delegated to it shall be the respective ministry/state institution of special purpose whose authority was delegated in accordance with law or in accordance with a contract concluded on the basis of the legislation of Georgia.

3. In the Autonomous Republic of Ajara, the body of state supervision of the activities of municipal bodies shall be determined by a resolution of the Government of Georgia.

Organic Law of Georgia of 7 December 2017 No. 1718 – website, 14.12.2017.

Article 131. Procedure and principle of exercising state supervision 1. State supervision shall be exercised in the manner and within the limits established by the Constitution of Georgia, the "European Charter of Local Self-Government" and this Law. It shall be inadmissible to establish a different procedure and limits for the exercise of state supervision by other normative acts of Georgia.🔗

2. State supervision shall be exercised in compliance with the principle of proportionality.

3. Damage caused to a municipality as a result of the application of a state supervision measure carried out in violation of the principle of proportionality shall be compensated in the manner established by the legislation of Georgia.

Organic Law of Georgia of 18 September 2019 No. 4965 – website, 01.10.2019.

Article 132. Legal supervision 1. Legal supervision shall be exercised over a normative administrative-legal act adopted by the Municipal Council.🔗

2. The Government of Georgia shall be entitled to determine by normative act the list of those normative administrative-legal acts to be adopted by the Municipal Council in the sphere of the municipality's own authority over which legal supervision is not exercised.

3. The legal supervision body shall carry out an expert examination of a normative administrative-legal act published by the Municipal Council in the "Legislative Herald of Georgia" and shall send a legal conclusion to the body that adopted the act. The legal supervision body shall prepare the legal conclusion and send it to the Municipal Council no later than 15 working days after publication of the relevant normative administrative-legal act. The legal supervision body shall indicate in the legal conclusion the norms which the normative administrative-legal act adopted by the Municipal Council contradicts. A legal conclusion is not an administrative-legal act and the administrative proceedings provided for by the General Administrative Code of Georgia shall not apply to it.

4. The expert examination of a normative administrative-legal act adopted by the Municipal Council in the sphere of the municipality's delegated authority shall be carried out in coordination with the sectoral supervision body. The legal supervision body shall, within 3 working days from its adoption, send the normative administrative-legal act of the Municipal Council adopted in the sphere of the municipality's delegated authority, or the part of the normative administrative-legal act that regulates issues related to the exercise of delegated authority, to the relevant sectoral supervision body for the submission of its own comments on the lawfulness of this act. The sectoral supervision body shall send its conclusion no later than 5 working days after receipt of the relevant request. Otherwise, the legal supervision body shall be entitled to issue a legal conclusion. The legal supervision body shall take the final decision on the content of the legal conclusion.

5. In the case of a negative legal conclusion, the Municipal Council shall, within 15 working days from receipt of the conclusion, send to the legal supervision body the adopted normative administrative-legal act on introducing an amendment to the normative administrative-legal act or on repealing this act, or a reasoned written refusal.

6. If the Municipal Council fails to take into account the legal opinion within the period defined by paragraph 5 of this Article, or gives a reasoned written refusal, the legal supervision body shall be entitled, no later than 15 working days after the expiry of the relevant period or after receipt of the reasoned written response, to apply to a court requesting the annulment of the normative administrative-legal act.

7. The legal supervision body shall be entitled to take into account and recognise as satisfactory the reasoned written refusal of the Municipal Council sent in accordance with paragraph 5 of this Article.

8. If a normative administrative-legal act of the Municipal Council contradicts the norms of the Constitution of Georgia or causes substantial and irremediable harm to the constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens, the legal supervision body shall be entitled, without observing the period defined by paragraph 5 of this Article, to apply immediately to a court requesting the annulment of the normative administrative-legal act.

9. A municipality shall have the right to appeal a court judgment on the annulment of a normative administrative-legal act or part thereof to a court of higher instance in the manner prescribed by law.

Article 133. Sectoral supervision1. Sectoral supervision shall be exercised over an individual administrative-legal act adopted/issued by a municipal body/official within the scope of delegated authority and over an action of a municipal body.🔗

2. In the exercise of State supervision over the exercise of delegated authority, the sectoral supervision body shall be entitled to:

a) request a document or information;

a¹) issue a recommendatory instruction;

b) suspend or annul an individual administrative-legal act of a municipal body/official;

c) replace the local self-government.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3605 of 8 May 2015 – website, 15.05.2015.

Article 134. Request of a document and information 1. The sectoral supervision body shall be entitled to require from a municipal body/official any official document and information necessary for the exercise of sectoral supervision, including legal acts and materials of administrative proceedings.🔗

2. A municipality shall be obliged to provide the requested document and information to the sectoral supervision body no later than 10 working days after the request.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 6853 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.07.2020.

Article 134¹. Recommendatory instruction1. The sectoral supervision body shall be entitled to issue a recommendatory instruction to a municipality as guidance for the proper exercise of delegated authority.🔗

2. A recommendatory instruction shall not restrict the right of a municipality to ensure the exercise of delegated authority taking into account local conditions.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3605 of 8 May 2015 – website, 15.05.2015.

Article 135. Suspension and Revocation of an Administrative-Legal Act 1. The sectoral supervision body shall be entitled to verify the legality and expediency of an individual administrative-legal act adopted/issued by a municipal body/official in the field of delegated authority requested in accordance with Article 134 of this Law, and to give the municipality a binding instruction for execution.🔗

2. For the purpose of proper exercise of delegated authority, an individual administrative-legal act of a municipal body/official may be revoked on the ground of inexpediency if it does not comply with an instruction of the sectoral supervision body. A decision on revocation of an act on the ground of inexpediency shall be substantiated.

3. If the municipality fails to comply with an instruction of the sectoral supervision body within 15 working days from its receipt, the sectoral supervision body shall adopt a decision on revocation of the individual administrative-legal act adopted/issued by the municipal body/official in the field of delegated authority.

4. If an individual administrative-legal act of a municipal body/official contradicts the norms of the Constitution of Georgia, causes substantial and irreparable harm to the constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens, or leads to irrational and non-purpose use of state property and budgetary funds, the sectoral supervision body shall be entitled, without issuing a binding instruction for execution, to immediately suspend the relevant individual administrative-legal act.

5. Within 10 working days from the suspension of the individual administrative-legal act, the municipal body/official shall send to the sectoral supervision body the adopted/issued individual administrative-legal act on amendment of the individual administrative-legal act or on revocation of this act, or a reasoned written refusal.

6. After expiry of the period defined by paragraph 5 of this Article, the relevant sectoral supervision body shall adopt a decision on revocation of the individual administrative-legal act or on revocation of its decision on suspension.

7. It shall be inadmissible to revoke, by way of sectoral supervision, an individual administrative-legal act of a municipal body/official that is adopted/issued on the basis of the Law of Georgia “On Public Service” or the Organic Law of Georgia “Labour Code of Georgia” for the purpose of regulating employment legal relations.

8. The municipality shall have the right to challenge in court, in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia, the question of the legality of a decision of the sectoral supervision body on revocation of an individual administrative-legal act or part thereof.

9. In the field of delegated powers, supervision of the legality and expediency of an individual administrative-legal act adopted/issued by a municipal body/official in accordance with this Article shall be exercised only in the case provided for by the relevant legislative act of Georgia on the delegation of powers, or by the relevant law of the Autonomous Republic, or by a contract determined by paragraph 3 of Article 17 of this Law.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4087 of 22 July 2015 – website, 04.08.2015.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 6853 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.07.2020.

Article 136. Replacement of local self-government1. If, in the field of delegated authority, a municipal council fails to fulfil an obligation established by law to adopt a normative administrative-legal act, the sectoral supervision body is entitled to give it a binding instruction on the fulfilment of the said obligation.🔗

2. The municipal council shall fulfil the instruction of the sectoral supervision body within 30 days of its receipt.

3. In the event of failure by the municipal council to fulfil the instruction of the sectoral supervision body within the period defined by paragraph 2 of this Article, the sectoral supervision body shall issue the relevant normative administrative-legal act, which shall be in force until the municipal council adopts the appropriate normative administrative-legal act.

4. If the relevant body of a municipality improperly exercises or does not exercise the authority delegated to the municipality by this Law, the relevant sectoral supervision body is entitled to demand that the relevant body of the municipality fulfil the said duty, to give it binding instructions and to set a reasonable period for remedying the situation – not less than 15 working days. This period may be extended on the basis of a reasoned application of the relevant body of the municipality, with the consent of the relevant sectoral supervision body.

5. A body/official of a municipality shall, in accordance with the demand of the sectoral supervision body, periodically provide information on the measures taken.

6. If, after the expiry of the period defined by paragraph 4 of this Article for remedying the situation, the sectoral supervision body establishes that the municipality still improperly exercises or does not exercise the relevant measures, or that remedying the situation is impossible, the sectoral supervision body is entitled to apply to the Government of Georgia with a proposal to take a decision on the replacement of local self-government. The decision on the replacement of local self-government in the relevant municipality shall be taken by the Government of Georgia by resolution. The resolution of the Government of Georgia shall define the temporary rule for the exercise of the relevant delegated authority upon the replacement of local self-government, including the period of replacement of local self-government, the administrative body/official responsible for the exercise of the relevant delegated authority, as well as other measures to be implemented in order to ensure the exercise of the delegated authority. The costs related to the replacement of local self-government shall be borne by the relevant municipality. The costs shall be reimbursed by deduction from the volume of the targeted transfer. Replacement of local self-government in accordance with this paragraph shall be inadmissible if the requirement of paragraph 2 of Article 17 of this Law was violated.

7. The replacement of local self-government may be applied once or as a temporary measure, for a period of not more than one year. The application of the replacement of local self-government during the first and last 6 months of the powers of the municipal council shall be inadmissible.

8. A municipality shall have the right to challenge in court the lawfulness of the relevant decision on the replacement of local self-government.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4087 of 22 July 2015 – website, 04.08.2015.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 6853 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.07.2020.

Article 137. Legal consultation 1. The municipal council shall have the right to apply in writing to the legal supervision body with a request for legal consultation.🔗

1¹. The following shall be subject to mandatory legal consultation:

a) draft plans of multi-municipal/municipal spatial planning;

b) draft general plans.

2. A written application for legal consultation shall be accompanied by the draft normative administrative-legal act to be adopted and an explanatory note to the draft.

3. Within 15 days from the receipt of the written application, the legal supervision body shall prepare and send to the municipal council a legal opinion on the lawfulness of the draft normative administrative-legal act to be adopted. If legal defects are found in the draft normative administrative-legal act, the legal opinion shall contain the name of the normative act which the draft contradicts, as well as recommendations on the elimination of the legal defects.

4. The legal opinion of the legal supervision body shall be of a recommendatory nature.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3242 of 20 July 2018 – website, 13.08.2018.

Article 138. Publicity of the activity of the state supervision body 1. The state supervision body shall be obliged, by 1 February of each year, to prepare and publish in the "Legislative Herald of Georgia" an official report on the activities carried out by it in the field of supervision during the calendar year.🔗

2. The official report of the state supervision body shall contain statistical information on draft normative acts sent to the respective supervisory body for consultation, on individual administrative-legal acts requested by it, a complete list of administrative-legal acts suspended, appealed and annulled in the supervision process, and information on judgments delivered by the court in connection with complaints of the state supervision body. The procedure and form for preparing the official report of the state supervision body shall be approved by Resolution of the Government of Georgia.

3. The state supervision body shall be obliged, within 15 days from the preparation of the official report, to send it to the Government of Georgia and the Parliament of Georgia.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4087 of 22 July 2015 – website, 04.08.2015.

Article 139. Ensuring the legality and effectiveness of the activity of municipal bodies In order to ensure the legality and effectiveness of the activity of municipal bodies, in accordance with the legislation of Georgia, the following shall be carried out:🔗

a) state audit;

b) independent audit;

c) internal audit.

Article 140. State audit, independent audit and internal audit of the activity of municipal bodies 1. State audit of the activity of municipal bodies shall be carried out by the State Audit Office within the powers established by the Organic Law of Georgia "On the State Audit Office".🔗

2. By decision of the municipal council, not more than once a year, an auditor engaged in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia may conduct an independent audit of the activity of municipal bodies. The council shall adopt a decision on conducting an independent audit upon the request of not less than one third of its full membership. The report and opinion of the independent auditor shall be submitted to the council, sent to the State Audit Office and published publicly.

3. Internal audit of the activity of the executive body of the municipality and of the City Hall shall be carried out in accordance with the Law of Georgia "On State Internal Financial Control" and the statute of the City Hall. The subjects carrying out internal audit shall be determined by the municipal council by the statute of the City Hall.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3384 of 5 September 2018 – website, 24.09.2018.

Article 141. Dismissal of the Council and Suspension of Its Activities 1. The dismissal of the Council or the suspension of its activities shall take place in the cases provided for by subparagraph „h“ of the first paragraph of Article 52 of the Constitution of Georgia, if the actions of the representative body of the municipality created a threat to the country's sovereignty, territorial integrity, or the exercise of the constitutional powers of bodies of state authority.🔗

2. The President of Georgia, upon the submission of the Government of Georgia and with the consent of the Parliament of Georgia, shall issue a Decree on the dismissal of the Municipal Council or the suspension of its activities.

3. The dismissal of the Municipal Council or the suspension of its activities shall, respectively, result in the termination or suspension of the Mayor's powers.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4965 of 18 September 2019 – website, 01.10.2019.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 6853 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.07.2020.

Article 142. Early Termination of the Powers of the Municipal Council 1. The Government of Georgia shall have the right to terminate early the powers of the Municipal Council if:🔗

a) the number of members of the Municipal Council remains less than the majority of the full composition of this Council, and at the same time, it is impossible to form a majority of the full composition of the Municipal Council of the said municipality;

b) the Municipal Council does not approve, within 3 months from the beginning of the new budget year, the draft budget of the municipality drawn up in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia;

c) the Municipal Council does not convene for 6 consecutive months.

2. The Government of Georgia shall adopt by Resolution a decision on the early termination of the Council's powers.

3. In the case of early termination of the powers of the Municipal Council on the basis of subparagraph „a“ or „b“ of the first paragraph of this Article, the said Council shall continue to exercise the powers provided for by this Law until the first meeting of the newly elected Council.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2436 of 16 December 2022 – website, 29.12.2022.

Article 143. Introduction of Direct State Governance 1. The decision on the introduction of direct state governance shall be taken by the Government of Georgia.🔗

2. (deleted – 16.12.2022, No. 2436).

3. The grounds for the introduction of direct state governance are:

a) dismissal of the municipal council or suspension of its activity;

b) in the case provided for by subparagraph „c“ of paragraph 1 of Article 142 of this Law, early termination of the powers of the municipal council of the municipality.

4. Upon the introduction of direct state governance, the budget of the municipality shall be approved by the Government of Georgia by resolution, upon the submission of the official/body exercising direct state governance.

Organic Law of Georgia of 16 December 2022 No. 2436 – website, 29.12.2022.

Article 144. Exercise of Direct State Governance. Appealing the question of the lawfulness of decisions on the dismissal of a municipal council, suspension of its activity and early termination of its powers, and termination and suspension of the powers of a municipality mayor 1. In the event of the dismissal of a municipal council, suspension of its activity, as well as early termination of the powers of a municipal council on the basis of subparagraph „c“ of paragraph 1 of Article 142 of this Law, direct state governance shall be exercised by the trustee of the Government of Georgia appointed by the Government of Georgia or a collegial body − an emergency administration.🔗

2. The official/collegial body exercising direct state governance shall exercise the municipality's own and delegated powers. The additional powers of this official/collegial body and the procedure for exercising direct state governance shall be determined by a resolution of the Government of Georgia. The exercise of direct state governance shall be supervised, in accordance with the procedure determined by a resolution of the Government of Georgia, by the Government of Georgia or a ministry authorised by the Government of Georgia.

3. The question of the lawfulness of decisions on the dismissal of a municipal council, suspension of its activity and early termination of its powers, and termination and suspension of the powers of a municipality mayor may be appealed to a court in accordance with the legislation of Georgia.

4. The right to appeal the question of the lawfulness of the decision provided for by paragraph 3 of this Article shall be held by not less than one fourth of the members of the dismissed, activity-suspended or powers-terminated municipal council, or by the mayor of the respective municipality.

Organic Law of Georgia of 26 July 2017 No. 1251 – website, 29.07.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia of 15 July 2020 No. 6853 – website, 28.07.2020.

Organic Law of Georgia of 16 December 2022 No. 2436 – website, 29.12.2022.

Article 145. Term of Exercise of Direct State Governance Direct state governance shall be exercised until the day of commencement of the powers of the municipal body elected as a result of the respective elections.🔗

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017

Organic Law of Georgia No. 6853 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.07.2020

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2436 of 16 December 2022 – website, 29.12.2022

Article 146. Status of the Regional Consultative Council 1. The Regional Consultative Council is a consultative body of municipalities under the State Representative, which is established and operates in accordance with the procedure established by this Law.🔗

2. The goal of the Regional Consultative Council is to ensure the representation and consideration of the interests of municipalities in the process of planning and implementing the development of the territory of the exercise of the powers of the State Representative.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3462 of 20 September 2018 – website, 09.10.2018

Article 147. Composition of the Regional Consultative Council The State Representative and the mayor of each respective municipality, the chairperson of the municipal council and the deputy chairperson of the municipal council shall be ex officio members of the Regional Consultative Council.🔗

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2820 of 28 November 2014 – website, 03.12.2014

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3462 of 20 September 2018 – website, 09.10.2018

Organic Law of Georgia No. 6853 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.07.2020

Article 148. Powers of the Regional Consultative Council The powers of the Regional Consultative Council are:🔗

a) consideration, upon the submission of the State Representative, of the projects and programmes to be implemented by the State in the respective territory and their cost estimates;

b) consideration of the strategy of socio-economic development of the territory of the exercise of the powers of the State Representative;

c) development of recommendations for the State Representative in the process of planning and implementing the development of the respective territory.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3462 of 20 September 2018 – website, 09.10.2018

Article 149. Rules of activity of the regional consultative council 1. The first session of the regional consultative council shall be held within 60 days from the day of official announcement of the results of the elections of municipal bodies.🔗

2. Sessions of the regional consultative council shall be convened and chaired by the State Representative. The regional consultative council shall assemble at least once every 3 months. The rules of activity of the regional consultative council shall be determined by the statute of the regional consultative council. The statute of the regional consultative council shall be approved by the State Representative with the consent of the regional consultative council.

3. A session of the regional consultative council shall be authorized if more than half of the members of the consultative council attend it.

4. A session of the regional consultative council shall be recorded by minutes of the session of the consultative council.

5. The regional consultative council shall adopt a recommendation by a majority of the full membership of the consultative council.

6. The organization of the activity of the regional consultative council shall be ensured by the administration of the State Representative.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2589 of 30 July 2014 – website, 11.08.2014

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2820 of 28 November 2014 – website, 03.12.2014

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3462 of 20 September 2018 – website, 09.10.2018

Organic Law of Georgia No. 6853 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.07.2020

Article 150. Elections of local self-government bodies and term of authority 1. The 2014 regular elections of local self-government bodies, except for the municipalities abolished on the basis of Article 152 of this Law, shall be held in the municipalities and self-governing cities existing as of 1 January 2013, as well as in the self-governing cities defined by paragraph 1 of Article 151 of this Law and in the new municipalities created on the basis of Article 152.🔗

2. In the 2014 regular elections of local self-government bodies, the councils and gamgebelis/mayors of the municipalities shall be elected in accordance with this Law.

3. After the 2014 regular elections of local self-government bodies, the next regular elections of local self-government bodies shall be held in October 2017. The 2017 regular elections of local self-government bodies shall be appointed 60 days before the elections by the President of Georgia with the countersignature of the Prime Minister of Georgia. The term of authority of the council elected in 2014 shall expire upon the recognition of the authority of the respective council elected as a result of the 2017 regular elections of the council. The term of authority of the gamgebeli/mayor elected in 2014 shall expire upon the commencement of the authority of the respective mayor elected as a result of the 2017 regular elections of the mayor.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017

Article 151. Self-governing cities and administrative centres of municipalities 1. The status of a self-governing city has been conferred by the 2005 Organic Law of Georgia "On Local Self-Government" and is conferred by this Law on the cities of: Tbilisi, Rustavi, Kutaisi, Poti and Batumi.🔗

2. The administrative centre of a municipality (except a self-governing city) shall be the administrative centre of the municipality existing prior to the 2014 regular elections of local self-government bodies.

3. The administrative centres of a municipality established on the basis of Article 152 of this Law shall be determined in accordance with Article 10 of this Law.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017.

Article 152. Territorial optimisation of municipalities 1. The Government Commission on Regional Development of Georgia (hereinafter – the Government Commission), established by Resolution No. 297 of the Government of Georgia of 28 September 2010 "On Approval of the Regulations of the Government Commission on Regional Development of Georgia":🔗

a) shall, within 1 month of the publication of this Law, develop the criteria for the territorial optimisation of municipalities;

b) in connection with the conferral of the status of a self-governing city on settlements of the city category (Telavi, Ozurgeti, Zugdidi, Gori, Ambrolauri, Mtskheta and Akhaltsikhe), on the basis of the criteria for the territorial optimisation of municipalities developed in accordance with subparagraph "a" of this paragraph, shall, within 3 months of the publication of this Law, prepare and submit to the Government of Georgia proposals on the creation of new self-governing communities;

c) after completion of the work provided for by subparagraph "b" of this paragraph, shall prepare proposals on the territorial optimisation of other municipalities and, not later than 1 year before the 2017 regular elections of local self-government bodies, submit to the Government of Georgia proposals on the division of these municipalities.

2. When developing the proposals provided for by subparagraphs "b" and "c" of paragraph 1 of this Article, the Government Commission shall be guided by the criteria developed in accordance with subparagraph "a" of paragraph 1 of this Article and by the requirements of Article 10 of this Law.

3. The Government of Georgia, taking into account the proposals developed on the basis of subparagraphs "b" and "c" of paragraph 1 of this Article, shall, in accordance with the procedure established by Article 10 of this Law, apply to the Parliament of Georgia with a submission on the creation and abolition of municipalities. In connection with the conferral of the status of a self-governing city on settlements of the city category (Telavi, Ozurgeti, Zugdidi, Gori, Ambrolauri, Mtskheta and Akhaltsikhe) in accordance with subparagraph "b" of paragraph 1 of this Article, the matter of separating the respective municipalities shall be initiated in the Parliament of Georgia within 15 days of the application of the Government Commission.

4. (deleted – 26.07.2017, No. 1251).

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017.

Article 153. Measures to be implemented in connection with the entry into force of the Law1. The Governmental Commission shall prepare temporary rules for the drafting of the budgets of the new municipalities established on the basis of Article 152 of this Law and for the redistribution of budgetary revenues and expenditures for the period until the end of 2014, as well as rules for the redistribution of property and obligations between these municipalities.🔗

2. The drafts of the administrative-legal acts referred to in the first paragraph of this Article shall be submitted to the Government of Georgia for approval no later than 31 May 2014.

3. In those self-governing units as a result of the abolition of which new municipalities are established on the basis of Articles 151 and 152 of this Law, a temporary working group shall be established before 1 May 2014 in accordance with the first paragraph of this Article. The temporary working group shall, on the basis of the rules approved by the Government of Georgia, ensure the preparation of proposals on the redistribution of property and obligations between the municipalities and their submission to the Sakrebulo for approval. The Sakrebulo of the respective municipality shall adopt a decision no later than the next elections of the local self-government bodies of 2014.

4. For the purpose of the uninterrupted reflection of revenues in the budgets of the new municipalities, the Ministry of Finance of Georgia shall, before 1 June 2014, implement the relevant measures.

5. The first session of the Sakrebulos of the municipalities elected as a result of the next elections of the local self-government bodies of 2014 shall be convened by the Central Election Commission of Georgia within 30 days after the summarisation of the final results of the elections.

6. Before 1 June 2014, the Ministry of Finance of Georgia and the Ministry of Regional Development and Infrastructure of Georgia shall ensure the preparation of temporary rules for the drafting of the budgets, for the period following the next elections of the local self-government bodies of 2014, of the municipalities established on the basis of Article 152 of this Law, and their submission to the Government of Georgia for approval. The powers of the Sakrebulo of the existing municipality shall terminate upon the first meeting of the newly elected Sakrebulo or of one of the Sakrebulos of the new municipalities established on the territory of the municipality.

7. Before 1 January 2018, the municipalities shall ensure the implementation of the relevant measures in connection with the optimisation of those joint-stock companies, limited liability companies and non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entities which do not meet the requirements provided for by the first paragraph of Article 106¹ of this Law.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 100 of 16 December 2016 – website, 23.12.2016

Article 154. (Deleted)Organic Law of Georgia No. 2936 of 12 December 2014 – website, 24.12.2014🔗

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4018 of 14 December 2018 – website, 25.12.2018

Article 155. Determination of the total volume of growth of non-financial assets1. The percentage indicator of the total volume of growth of non-financial assets planned for the budget year shall not be less than the analogous annual average indicator of the 3 years preceding the planned year in the total volume of the budget expenditures of the municipality planned for the same budget year. In this case, the financial resources received/to be received by the municipality during the year in the form of targeted, special and capital transfers shall not be taken into account.🔗

11. The operation of the first paragraph of this Article shall extend to legal relations arising from 1 January 2015.

2. In the case provided for by this Law, when extending the requirements of the first paragraph of this Article to municipalities created as a result of the division of a municipality, the average indicator of budget expenditures of the 3 years preceding the planned year shall be calculated using the data of the municipality existing before the division.

3. The municipality may use the increased financial resources obtained on the basis of the annual growth of the forecast indicators (volume) of its own revenues envisaged in the municipal budget (the positive difference between its own revenues envisaged in the municipal budget of the planned budget year and its own revenues envisaged in the approved municipal budget of the previous year) only for financing expenditures related to the growth of non-financial assets, except for the funds necessary for the maintenance and functioning of new infrastructure facilities (roads, sports and childcare institutions, other facilities).

Organic Law of Georgia of 22 July 2015 No. 4087 – website, 04.08.2015.

Organic Law of Georgia of 24 June 2016 No. 5566 – website, 11.07.2016.

Article 155¹. Measures and restrictions to be implemented for the protection of the limits of the macroeconomic parameters established by the legislation of Georgia1. The Parliament of Georgia is entitled, in order to protect the maximum limits of the macroeconomic parameters established by the Organic Law of Georgia "On Economic Freedom", to establish by the Law of Georgia on the State Budget limits in relation to the main parameters of the budgets of local self-governing units.🔗

2. During the transitional period of transition from the equalisation transfer system provided for by Article 114⁵ of the Budget Code of Georgia to the value added tax distribution system, municipalities are entitled, within the scope of their own revenues, to increase the assignments determined by the article of the economic classification of the expenditures of the budget of the planned year, compared with the amount provided for by the adjusted plan of the current year's budget, by not more than the percentage indicator of the projected nominal growth of the gross domestic product for the planned year.

3. The restriction provided for by paragraph 2 of this Article shall not apply in the case where, as a result of amendments made to the legislation of Georgia by the Parliament of Georgia, the functions of the municipality have increased compared with the previous year.

Organic Law of Georgia No 100 of 16 December 2016 – website, 23.12.2016

Organic Law of Georgia No 4018 of 14 December 2018 – website, 25.12.2018

Article 156. Temporary rules for determining the number of staff positions of public servants of local self-government and for reimbursement of expenses of members of a municipal council 1. The number of staff positions of public servants of local self-government provided for by the staff lists of the apparatus of the administration/city hall and the council shall be not less than 30 units. In a municipality where the number of voters is less than 45,000, the number of staff positions of public servants shall not exceed the sum obtained by adding to the product of the minimum number of public servants (30 staff units) and coefficient 3.2 of the number of majoritarian districts established for the 2014 elections of representative bodies of local self-government in the respective council, 1 staff unit for every 450 voters registered in the self-governing unit. In a municipality where the number of voters is more than 45,000, the number of staff positions of public servants shall not exceed the sum obtained by adding to the product of the minimum number of public servants (30 staff units) and coefficient 2.3 of the number of majoritarian districts established for the 2014 elections of representative bodies of local self-government in the respective council, 1 staff unit for every 500 voters registered in the self-governing unit.🔗

2. The number of persons employed by a municipality under an employment contract shall be determined in accordance with the Law of Georgia “On Remuneration of Labour in Public Institutions”.

2¹. During the period from 1 July 2017 to 31 December 2017, the number of persons employed by a municipality under an employment contract may exceed the maximum number permitted by paragraph 2 of this article only in the case of employment under an employment contract of persons provided for by the staff list before 1 July 2017.

2². Taking into account paragraph 2¹ of this article, during the period from 1 July 2017 to 31 December 2017, the total number of persons provided for by the staff list of the administration/city hall and the council apparatus of a municipality and employed under an employment contract shall not exceed the sum of the maximum numbers permitted by paragraphs 1 and 2 of the same article.

3. The labour remuneration expenses of public servants of the administration/city hall and the council apparatus shall not exceed 25 per cent of the expenses provided for by the municipality’s budget.

4. The operation of paragraphs 1–3 of this article shall not extend to the self-governing city of Tbilisi, as well as to the municipalities of Akhalgori, Eredvi, Kurta, Tigva and Azhara.

5. In accordance with paragraph 3 of Article 41 of this Law, for a member of a municipal council who is not an official of the municipal council, the monthly amount of reimbursable expenses shall not exceed 15% of the maximum amount of the official salary of the chairperson of the council of that municipality. The expenses of an official business trip shall not be counted in the monthly amount of reimbursable expenses. The said restriction shall not extend to a member of the Tbilisi City Council.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2820 of 28 November 2014 – website, 03.12.2014

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4087 of 22 July 2015 – website, 04.08.2015

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1251 of 26 July 2017 – website, 29.07.2017

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1837 of 22 December 2017 – website, 29.12.2017

Article 156¹. Temporary rule for the establishment of a legal entity of public law by a municipality 1. For the purpose of effectively exercising its own powers, the Sakrebulo of this municipality shall be entitled to establish, in a settlement/part of a settlement/group of settlements within the administrative boundaries of the municipality, a legal entity of public law (LEPL), which shall be entitled to exercise in the relevant territory the following powers provided for by paragraph 2 of Article 16 of this Law: collection of local fees, improvement of the territory and development of the relevant engineering infrastructure, cleaning of streets, parks, squares and other public places, management of municipal waste, management of motor roads of local importance, provision of parking places for motor vehicles, issuance of construction permits, exercise of public supervision over construction, administration of placement of outdoor advertising.🔗

2. The Sakrebulo of a municipality shall also be entitled, in addition to the powers provided for by paragraph 1 of this Article, to grant to the legal entity of public law defined by paragraph 1 of this Article, by the charter of the legal entity of public law, also the authority to exercise the following powers provided for by paragraph 2 of Article 16 of this Law: provision of outdoor lighting, organization of road traffic on roads of local importance, organization of services to the population by municipal transport, administration of outdoor trade, organization of exhibitions, markets and fairs, greening of streets, parks, squares and other public places, resolution of issues related to stray animals, development of appropriate infrastructure for persons with disabilities, children and the elderly on objects of local importance, including ensuring proper adaptation and equipment of public gathering places and municipal transport.

3. Decisions on the establishment, reorganization and liquidation of the legal entity of public law defined by this Article, as well as on approval of its charter, shall be adopted by the Sakrebulo of the municipality upon the submission of the Mayor of the municipality.

4. The Sakrebulo of a municipality shall be entitled, upon the submission of the Mayor of the municipality, to set for the legal entity of public law the amount of the fee for the activity, service and/or expedited service defined by the charter of the legal entity of public law.

5. A legal entity of public law established by a municipality shall be entitled, in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia, to exercise the powers provided for by paragraph 4 of Article 16 of this Law, as well as to carry out the activity defined by the relevant law and/or its charter.

6. The rules for the management of a legal entity of public law established by a municipality shall be determined by the charter of the legal entity of public law.

7. The head of a Legal Entity of Public Law founded by a municipality shall be appointed and dismissed by the mayor of the municipality.

8. For the exercise of its powers, the Legal Entity of Public Law founded by a municipality shall be transferred municipal property with the right of use by decision of the mayor of the municipality.

9. A decision adopted by a Legal Entity of Public Law founded by a municipality shall be appealed to the mayor of the municipality in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia.

10. In the event of liquidation of a Legal Entity of Public Law founded by a municipality, the remaining property shall pass into the ownership of the municipality.

11. The settlement/part of a settlement/group of settlements falling within the administrative boundaries of the municipality provided for by paragraph 1 of this article shall be determined by the Government of Georgia in agreement with the municipality.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 5994 of 29 May 2020 – website, 10.06.2020.

Article 156². Accreditation of early and preschool upbringing and education institutions in the transition period — for the purpose of accreditation of early and preschool upbringing and education institutions, the legislation of Georgia may establish different regulation for the transition period (period until 1 January 2030) determined by the same legislation.🔗

Organic Law of Georgia No. 1378 of 15 February 2022 – website, 23.02.2022.

Article 157. Training of public servants of local self-government — the Ministry of Regional Development and Infrastructure of Georgia shall develop proposals on the development of the system of continuous training of public servants of local self-government and, not later than 1 May 2014, submit them to the Government of Georgia for consideration.🔗

Article 158. Material and technical provision of newly created municipalities — 1. The Government of Georgia shall ensure the accommodation of the bodies of the new municipalities created on the basis of Article 152 of this Law (transfer of appropriate buildings to them, where necessary, construction of new buildings, carrying out repair and rehabilitation works of buildings in municipal ownership) and their equipping with a material and technical base.🔗

2. For the performance of the works provided for by paragraph 1 of this article, the Ministry of Regional Development and Infrastructure of Georgia, the Ministry of Finance of Georgia and the Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development of Georgia shall, within the scope of their powers, implement the relevant measures by decision of the Government of Georgia.

Article 159. Ensuring the development of infrastructure in the territory of a municipality — in order to ensure the exercise by a municipality of its own powers, on the initiative of the municipality and on the instruction of the Government of Georgia, the relevant state agency shall be entitled to implement infrastructure projects necessary for the exercise by the municipality of its own powers.🔗

Article 160. To ensure the preparation of cartographic materials for determining the administrative boundaries of municipalities, the Ministry of Justice of Georgia shall:🔗

a) by 31 December 2017, submit to the Government of Georgia for approval the rules for determining the administrative boundaries of municipalities;

b) for the purpose defined by subparagraph "a" of this article, by 1 June 2014, submit to the Government of Georgia for approval the relevant state targeted programme.

Organic Law of Georgia of 26 July 2017 No. 1251 – website, 29.07.2017.

Article 161. Effect of legal acts in the transitional period 1. Before the adoption of the relevant normative acts by the bodies of the municipalities created on the basis of paragraph 1 of Article 151 and Article 152 of this Law, the administrative-legal acts of those self-governing units as a result of the division of which the new municipalities were created shall be in force in the administrative territories of these municipalities.🔗

2. Before the adoption of the relevant normative acts by the Tbilisi City Council, the normative acts of the Mayor of Tbilisi and the Government of Tbilisi shall retain legal force.

Article 161¹. Other own powers of municipalities The own powers of municipalities defined by paragraph 13 of Article 141 of the Code of Georgia on Spatial Planning, Architectural and Construction Activities are also the powers provided for by paragraphs 13 and 20 of Article 141 of the said Code.🔗

Organic Law of Georgia of 20 February 2020 No. 5730 – website, 24.02.2020.

Article 162. Time limits for the transfer of agricultural land to municipalities The Ministry of Justice of Georgia, the Ministry of Regional Development and Infrastructure of Georgia, the Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development of Georgia and the Ministry of Finance of Georgia shall, by 1 January 2017, develop the relevant schedule and rules reflecting the time limits for the transfer of agricultural land to municipalities and submit them to the Government of Georgia for approval.🔗

Article 163. Conditions for the exercise of the powers of a municipality to ensure the supply of drinking water and the provision of sewerage services1. Within the scope of the power provided for by subparagraph „h“ of paragraph 2 of Article 16 of this Law, the municipality shall ensure the supply of drinking water and the provision of sewerage services through the relevant licensee private law entities in those settlements where the relevant licensee supplier does not supply drinking water and provide sewerage services.🔗

2. The conditions of legal relations between the municipality, the Georgian National Energy and Water Supply Regulatory Commission and the supplier private law entities, within the scope of the power provided for by subparagraph „h“ of paragraph 2 of Article 16 of this Law, shall be determined by the relevant legislative act.

3. The draft legislative act determined by paragraph 2 of this Article shall be prepared by the Ministry of Regional Development and Infrastructure of Georgia before 1 July 2015 and shall be submitted to the Parliament of Georgia by the Government of Georgia.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2589 of 30 July 2014 – website, 11.08.2014

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2973 of 25 December 2014 – website, 30.12.2014

Article 163¹. Temporary rule for ensuring fire safety and protection of the population and territory from emergency situations in a municipality1. Until 10 January 2015, the municipality shall ensure fire safety and protection of the population and territory from emergency situations in the municipality. The municipality shall exercise the said power as its own power, in accordance with the legislation of Georgia.🔗

2. In the municipalities divided in accordance with the Resolution of the Parliament of Georgia No. 2205-IIs of 4 April 2014 „On the division of municipalities and the creation of self-governing communities – municipalities“, the power determined by paragraph 1 of this Article shall be exercised, within the administrative boundaries of the municipality abolished as a result of the division, only by the relevant self-governing city.

3. The restriction on the staff number of municipal servants provided for by paragraph 1 of Article 156 of this Law shall not apply to the servants employed in the relevant structural unit/subdivision of the structural unit of the municipality exercising the power determined by paragraph 1 of this Article, and the restriction on the number of officials provided for by paragraph 2 of Article 52 of this Law shall not apply to the head of the relevant structural unit of the municipality.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2585 of 30 July 2014 – website, 11.08.2014

Article 163². The rule for changing or cancelling a condition (conditions) related to this property for the acquirer of Tbilisi property privatized in the form of an auction, for the recipient of Tbilisi property transferred with the right of use or transferred with the right of management — the Government shall apply to the Tbilisi City Council regarding the change or cancellation of the investment condition and/or the change of the financial condition related to this property for the acquirer of Tbilisi property privatized in the form of an auction, for the recipient of Tbilisi property transferred with the right of use or transferred with the right of management, if the privatization, transfer with the right of use or transfer with the right of management of the Tbilisi property was carried out before 31 December 2013.🔗

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3977 of 8 July 2015 – website, 20.07.2015.

Article 163³. The rule for changing or cancelling a condition (conditions) related to this property for the acquirer of Tbilisi property privatized in the form of an auction, for the recipient of Tbilisi property transferred with the right of use or transferred with the right of management, owing to the epidemic and/or pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19), owing to the epidemic and/or pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19), the Government is entitled, during the epidemic and/or pandemic or after its end, not later than 1 July 2021, to apply to the Tbilisi City Council regarding the change or cancellation of the investment condition and/or the change of the financial condition related to this property for the acquirer of Tbilisi property privatized in the form of an auction, for the recipient of Tbilisi property transferred with the right of use or transferred with the right of management.🔗

Organic Law of Georgia No. 5891 of 23 April 2020 – website, 24.04.2020.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 80 of 5 January 2021 – website, 06.01.2021.

Article 163⁴. Rule for changing or cancelling a condition (conditions) related to this property for the acquirer of municipal (except Tbilisi) property privatized in the form of an auction, for the recipient of municipal (except Tbilisi) property transferred with the right of use or transferred with the right of management, arising from the epidemic and/or pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) 1. The mayor of a municipality (except Tbilisi) is entitled, no later than 1 October 2021, taking into account the interest of the municipality, in accordance with Article 398 of the Civil Code of Georgia, with the consent of the municipal council, to adopt a decision for the acquirer of municipal (except Tbilisi) property privatized in the form of an auction, for the recipient of municipal (except Tbilisi) property transferred with the right of use or transferred with the right of management:🔗

a) on changing the investment condition related to this property, including on extending the term for the fulfilment of the investment condition related to this property;

b) on cancelling the obligation the fulfilment of which has lost meaning;

c) on easing the financial condition defined by the contract, including on exemption from the penalty defined by the contract.

2. The adoption of the decision of the mayor of a municipality (except Tbilisi) provided for by paragraph 1 of this Article shall be permissible if the non-fulfilment of the condition defined by the contract or the delay in its fulfilment is directly caused by the regulatory norms established due to the epidemic and/or pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19).

3. The type and amount of the benefit defined by the decision of the mayor of a municipality (except Tbilisi) provided for by paragraph 1 of this Article shall be proportionate to the impact that the regulatory norms referred to in paragraph 2 of this Article had on the fulfilment of the investment or financial condition.

4. The decision of the mayor of a municipality (except Tbilisi) provided for by paragraph 1 of this Article does not imply a reduction of the price payable in exchange for the transfer of the right of ownership.

Organic Law of Georgia of 18 March 2021 No. 413 – website, 22.03.2021.

Article 163⁵. The temporary rule for changing or cancelling the condition/conditions of acquisition, transfer with the right of use, or transfer with the right of management of Tbilisi property within the administrative boundaries of Tbilisi, as well as for remission of the unpaid/to be imposed penalty imposed due to non-fulfilment of this condition/conditions: the decision on changing or cancelling the condition/conditions (including financial and investment condition/conditions) of acquisition, transfer with the right of use, or transfer with the right of management of Tbilisi property within the administrative boundaries of Tbilisi, as well as on remission of the unpaid/to be imposed penalty imposed due to non-fulfilment of this condition/conditions, shall be adopted by the Government with the consent of the Tbilisi City Council, on the basis of a substantiated request addressed to it by the acquirer of the relevant Tbilisi property, the recipient with the right of use, or the recipient with the right of management, if this condition/conditions were to be fulfilled on that land plot or in that area of the development regulation plan/detailed development plan where a facility put into operation is located in accordance with Article 141³ of the Code of Georgia on Spatial Planning, Architectural and Construction Activities or Article 103³ of the Code of Georgia on Product Safety and Free Movement.🔗

Organic Law of Georgia No. 728 of 12 July 2021 – website, 14.07.2021.

Article 164. Exercise of Local Self-Government in the Occupied Territories of Georgia1. In the municipalities of Akhalgori, Eredvi, Kurta, Tigva and Azhara, the local self-government bodies created as a result of the 2006 elections of the representative bodies of local self-government, including the administrations and the territorial bodies of self-governing units, shall exercise their powers in the said territories until the restoration of the jurisdiction of Georgia and until the formation of local self-government bodies in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia.🔗

2. Unless otherwise provided by this Article, the powers of the municipalities of Akhalgori, Eredvi, Kurta, Tigva and Azhara, the structure of their bodies, the rules of their activity and their powers shall be determined by this Law. The powers of a territorial body of a self-governing unit shall, in accordance with paragraph 3 of this Article, be determined by the regulation of the municipality administration. The councils of the municipalities of Akhalgori, Eredvi, Kurta, Tigva and Azhara shall not have the right to create new territorial bodies of self-governing units, and the heads of the administrations shall not have the right to appoint their representatives.

3. The bodies of the municipalities of Akhalgori, Eredvi, Kurta, Tigva and Azhara shall have the right, in the territories of other municipalities where the internally displaced persons – refugees who permanently resided in the territories of the municipalities of Akhalgori, Eredvi, Kurta, Tigva and Azhara are settled, to carry out only those measures provided for by their own and delegated powers which are directly related to the provision of assistance to the said persons before their return to their places of permanent residence and to the improvement of their social and living conditions, as well as the powers delegated by the State to the municipality under the Organic Law of Georgia "On Citizenship of Georgia".

4. When electing the heads of the administrations of the municipalities of Akhalgori, Eredvi, Kurta, Tigva and Azhara to office and removing them from office, the rules established by Articles 33 and 34 of this Law for the election and removal from office of the chairperson of the council of a municipality shall apply, unless different procedures are provided for by this Article.

5. A decision on the election of the head of the administration of the municipalities of Akhalgori, Eredvi, Kurta, Tigva and Azhara to office or on his or her removal from office shall be adopted by a majority of the votes of those present at a sitting of the council of the respective municipality, but by not less than 1/3 of the list composition of the members of the council of the municipality. A candidate for the head of the administration may be a member of the council of the respective municipality, except for an official of the council of the municipality, or a citizen of Georgia having the right to vote, from the age of 25, who has lived in Georgia for at least 5 years and who, during the last 2 years up to the day of the appointment of the elections, permanently resided in Georgia and is an internally displaced person – refugee from the respective municipality.

5¹. A sitting of the Sakrebulo of the municipalities of Akhalgori, Eredvi, Kurta, Tigva and Azhara shall be authorized if it is attended by a majority of the list composition of the members of the Sakrebulo. The Sakrebulo of a municipality shall adopt a decision by a majority of the votes of those present at the sitting, but not less than 1/3 of the list composition of the members of the Sakrebulo of the municipality.

6. A member of the Sakrebulo of a municipality who has been elected as a gamgebeli of the municipality shall have his/her powers as a member of the Sakrebulo suspended. The said person shall have his/her powers as a member of the Sakrebulo restored in the event of termination of the powers of the gamgebeli, from the day following the occurrence of the relevant fact, which the Sakrebulo of the municipality shall take note of and formalize in the form of a record in the minutes.

7. From the entry into force of this article, the Sakrebulo of a municipality shall be entitled to elect a new gamgebeli. Otherwise, the powers of the relevant official of the municipality shall be extended for the term defined by paragraph 1 of this article or, in accordance with paragraph 5 of this article, until the election of the gamgebeli of the municipality.

8. The ground for termination of powers provided for by subparagraph „h“ of paragraph 2 of Article 56 of this Law shall not apply to the gamgebelis of the municipalities of Akhalgori, Eredvi, Kurta, Tigva and Azhara.

9. The ground for early termination of the powers of the Sakrebulo of a municipality defined by subparagraph „a“ of paragraph 1 of Article 142 of this Law shall not extend to the Sakrebulo of the municipalities of Akhalgori, Eredvi, Kurta, Tigva and Azhara.

10. For the exercise of their own powers by the municipalities provided for by this article, a special transfer shall be allocated to their budgets from the State Budget of Georgia.

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2585 of 30 July 2014 – website, 11 August 2014

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4087 of 22 July 2015 – website, 4 August 2015

Organic Law of Georgia No. 5142 of 27 May 2016 – website, 4 June 2016

Organic Law of Georgia No. 100 of 16 December 2016 – website, 23 December 2016

Organic Law of Georgia No. 2046 of 7 March 2018 – website, 26 March 2018

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3624 of 31 October 2018 – website, 21 November 2018

Organic Law of Georgia No. 4018 of 14 December 2018 – website, 25 December 2018

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3541 of 21 September 2023 – website, 12 October 2023

Organic Law of Georgia No. 3821 of 30 November 2023 – website, 19 December 2023

Article 165. Other measures to be implemented in connection with the entry into force of the Law1. The Government of Georgia shall:🔗

a) ensure, by 1 July 2014, the approval of the rules for naming geographical objects located within the administrative boundaries of a municipality;

b) by 1 June 2014, on the basis of preliminary consultations with the Heraldry Council under the Parliament of Georgia, ensure the determination of the rules for establishing and using the coat of arms, flag and other symbols of a municipality;

c) by 1 June 2014, ensure the approval of the rules for the privatisation of municipal property and for its transfer with the rights of use and management, of the determination of the initial privatisation price upon the privatisation of property, of the rent price and the initial rent price upon the transfer of property with the right of use, as well as of the rules for settlement;

d) by 1 January 2015, prepare and submit to the Parliament of Georgia a draft law to ensure the creation of additional forms of citizen participation in the exercise of local self-government;

e) by 1 January 2016, prepare and submit to the Parliament of Georgia a draft law for the purpose of determining natural resources of local significance, including water and land resources.

2. By 1 July 2015, the Government of Georgia shall ensure the preparation of the relevant legislative amendments for the full separation of the powers of the State and of municipalities, as well as, where necessary, the determination of the relevant spheres for the purpose of delegating powers to a municipality and the submission to the Parliament of Georgia of a draft legislative act.

3. By 1 July 2014, the Ministry of Justice of Georgia shall ensure the approval of the rules for the registration of a municipality according to registration data, and for the updating and publication of registration data.

4. Within 6 months from the day of the official announcement of the results of the 2014 ordinary elections of local self-government bodies, the municipal councils shall ensure that their normative acts comply with this Law.

Organic Law of Georgia No 2973 of 25 December 2014 – website, 30.12.2014

Article 165¹. Creation of a faction of a municipal council before the recognition of the powers of the municipal council elected in the 2029 electionsBefore the recognition of the powers of the municipal council elected in the 2029 elections, members of the municipal council elected by nomination of 1 political party shall have the right, in accordance with the requirements established by this Law for the creation of a faction of a municipal council, to create another faction, if they were nominated by a political party as non-partisan candidates for membership of the municipal council, or if they leave the membership of the respective political party and join another political party.🔗

Organic Law of Georgia No 997 of 16 October 2025 – website, 17.10.2025

Article 166. Normative acts invalidated in connection with the entry into force of the Law1. From the day of the official announcement of the results of the 2014 regular elections of local self-government bodies, the following shall be declared invalid:🔗

a) Organic Law of Georgia "On Local Self-Government" (Legislative Herald of Georgia, No 2, 09.01.2006, Art. 12);

b) Law of Georgia "On State Supervision of the Activities of Local Self-Government Bodies" (Legislative Herald of Georgia, No 22, 19.06.2007, Art. 194);

c) Law of Georgia "On the Capital of Georgia – Tbilisi" (Parliamentary Bulletin, No 11-12, 14.03.1998, p. 42);

d) Law of Georgia "On the Property of a Local Self-Governing Unit" (Legislative Herald of Georgia, No 15, 19.04.2005, Art. 101).

2. From the day of the entry into force of this Law, Articles 11, 12 and 14 of the Organic Law of Georgia "On Local Self-Government" (Legislative Herald of Georgia, No 2, 09.01.2006, Art. 12) shall be declared invalid.

3. From the day of the declaration of invalidity of the legislative acts provided for by paragraph 1 of this Article, the subordinate normative administrative-legal acts issued on their basis shall retain legal force until they are repealed by the authorised bodies, in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia.

Article 167. Procedure for the entry into force of the Law1. This Law, except for Articles 1–3 of this Law, paragraphs 1 and 3 of Article 4, Articles 5–9, 14–149, 151, 155, 156, 161 and 163, shall enter into force upon publication.🔗

2. Articles 1–3 of this Law, paragraphs 1 and 3 of Article 4, Articles 5–9 and 14–100, paragraph 1 of Article 101, Articles 102–149, 151, 155, 161 and 163 shall enter into force from the day of the official announcement of the results of the 2014 regular elections of local self-government bodies.

3. Paragraphs 1 and 4 of Article 156 of this Law shall enter into force on the 120th day after the official announcement of the results of the 2014 regular elections of local self-government bodies.

4. Paragraphs 2 and 3 of Article 156 and paragraph 2 of Article 101 of this Law shall enter into force from 1 January 2015.

5. Paragraphs 1 and 2 of Article 155 and Article 156 of this Law shall be in force until 1 January 2019, paragraph 3 of Article 155 – until 1 January 2021, Article 156¹ – until 1 January 2030, and Article 159 – until 1 January 2031.

Organic Law of Georgia of 24 June 2016 No 5566 - website, 11.07.2016.

Organic Law of Georgia of 7 December 2017 No 1718 - website, 14.12.2017.

Organic Law of Georgia of 29 May 2020 No 5994 – website, 10.06.2020.

Organic Law of Georgia of 15 July 2020 No 6853 – website, 28.07.2020.

Organic Law of Georgia of 11 November 2025 No 1022 – website, 17.11.2025.

President of Georgia Giorgi Margvelashvili

Kutaisi,

5 February 2014

No 1958-IIs